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. 2020 Nov 19;13(3):265–277. doi: 10.1177/1941738120949181

Table 2.

Reported adverse events after consumption of energy in the pediatric, adult, and total population, in order of frequency in total population

Organ System Adverse Event Rate in Pediatric Population (%) Rate in Adult Population (%) Rate in Total Population (%)
Cardiovascular events Tachycardia 127/1016 (12.5) 558/986 (56.6) 1016/3878 (26.2)
Palpitations 174/995 (17.5) 578/2788 (20.7) 853/4255 (20.0)
Chest pain 154/786 (19.6) 70/1424 (4.9) 240/2340 (10.3)
Dyspnea 134/784 (17.1) 54/477 (11.3) 192/1391 (13.8)
Arrhythmia 7/488 (1.4) 25/258 (9.7) 32/746 (4.3)
GI events Abdominal pain 1691/11,637 (14.5) 26/340 (7.6) 1822/12,497 (14.6)
GI upset 83/893 (9.3) 604/2793 (21.6) 705/3774 (18.7)
Low appetite 256/1483 (17.3) NR 256/1483 (17.3)
Increased saliva NR 49/350 (14.0) 49/350 (14.0)
Immune response Allergic reaction NR 1/258 (0.4) 12/620 (1.9)
MSK events Muscle tension/pain/soreness/twitching 1266/8803 (14.4) 105/1018 (10.3) 1400/9979 (14.0)
Neurological events Headaches 2501/11,972 (20.9) 392/2889 (13.6) 3191/17,331 (18.4)
Dizziness 885/8875 (10.0) 395/1130 (35.0) 1290/10,093 (12.8)
Tremors 130/1606 (8.1) 232/1125 (20.6) 508/4449 (11.4)
Slurred speech NR 355/1110 (32.0) 355/1110 (32.0)
Walking difficulties NR 329/1107 (29.7) 329/1107 (29.7)
Decreased coordination NR 270/731 (36.9) 270/731 (36.9)
Visual disturbances 31/213 (14.6) 72/627 (11.5) 103/840 (12.3)
Seizures 2/192 (1.0) 17/1556 (1.1) 21/1836 (1.1)
Physiological events Insomnia/sleeping related symptoms 28,371/80,173 (35.4) 767/3109 (24.7) 29,445/85,373 (34.5)
Jitteriness/restlessness/shaking hands 37/192 (19.3) 730/2447 (29.8) 1164/4631 (25.1)
Jolt and crash 30/488 (6.1) 448/1362 (32.9) 900/3979 (22.6)
Rapid speech 74/214 (34.6) 381/1106 (34.4) 455/1320 (34.5)
Dehydration 123/592 (20.8) 80/497 (16.1) 203/1089 (18.6)
Fatigue 3/488 (0.6) 170/781 (21.8) 175/1396 (12.5)
Weakness 172/596 (28.9) NR 172/596 (28.9)
Heat intolerance NR 68/429 (15.9) 77/517 (14.9)
Psychological events Stress 24,054/68,043 (35.4) 60/90 (66.7) 24,114/68,133 (35.4)
Depressive mood 17,757/76,859 (23.1) 60/458 (13.1) 17,817/77,317 (23)
Suicidal ideation/plan/attempt 15,278/77,004 (19.8) NR 15,278/77,004 (19.8)
Agitation/anxiety/nervousness 2801/10,937 (25.6) 331/1771 (18.7) 3452/14,946 (23.1)
Irritability 2489/8866 (28.1) 62/643 (9.6) 2733/11,385 (24)
Renal-related events Increased urination 97/592 (16.4) 37/273 (13.6) 381/2945 (12.9)
Kidney pain NR 2/258 (0.8) 2/258 (0.8)

GI, gastrointestinal; MSK, musculoskeletal; NR, not reported.