Table 1.
Demographic and baseline characteristics of patients with COVID-19.
| All patients (n = 429) | Severe (n = 175) | Nonsevere (n = 254) | P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean ± SD (range) | 57.21 ± 16.18 (16–99) | 58.75 ± 15.88 (22–97) | 56.18 ± 16.32 (16–99) | 0.111 | |
|
| |||||
| Sex (%) | Male | 241 (56.4) | 106 (60.9) | 135 (53.4) | 0.122 |
| Female | 186 (43.6) | 68 (39.1) | 118 (46.6) | ||
|
| |||||
| Hospitalization (days) (range) | 7 (1–37) | 10 (1–37) | 6 (1–31) | <0.001 | |
|
| |||||
| Clinical symptoms (%) | Fever | 263 (61.3) | 105 (60) | 158 (62.2) | 0.645 |
| Fatigue | 161 (37.5) | 70 (40) | 91 (35.8) | 0.380 | |
| Headache | 76 (17.7) | 31 (17.7) | 45 (17.7) | 1.000 | |
| Dry cough | 247 (57.6) | 98 (56) | 149 (58.7) | 0.584 | |
| Sore throat | 36 (8.4) | 19 (10.9) | 17 (6.7) | 0.126 | |
| Expectoration | 83 (19.3) | 34 (19.4) | 49 (19.3) | 0.972 | |
| Hemoptysis | 7 (1.6) | 3 (1.7) | 4 (1.6) | 0.911 | |
| Chest pain | 61 (14.2) | 22 (12.6) | 39 (15.4) | 0.417 | |
| Dyspnea | 311 (72.5) | 126 (72) | 69 (72.8) | 0.849 | |
| Nausea | 81 (18.9) | 37 (21.1) | 44 (17.3) | 0.320 | |
| Diarrhea | 25 (5.8) | 12 (6.9) | 13 (5.1) | 0.450 | |
| Constipation | 24 (5.6) | 9 (5.1) | 15 (5.9) | 0.736 | |
| Anorexia | 118 (27.5) | 53 (30.3) | 65 (25.6) | 0.284 | |
| Arthralgia | 48 (11.2) | 20 (11.4) | 28 (11) | 0.896 | |
| Stomach ache | 39 (9.1) | 16 (9.1) | 23 (9.1) | 0.975 | |
| Dizziness | 54 (12.6) | 21 (12) | 33 (13) | 0.761 | |
| Loss of smell and taste | 18 (4.2) | 9 (5.1) | 9 (3.5) | 0.417 | |
|
| |||||
| Comorbidities (%) | Hypertension | 98 (22.8) | 32 (18.3) | 66 (26) | 0.062 |
| Cardiovascular disease | 107 (24.9) | 38 (21.7) | 185 (27.2) | 0.200 | |
| Diabetes | 119 (27.7) | 49 (28) | 70 (27.6) | 0.920 | |
| Cancer | 10 (2.3) | 3 (1.7) | 7 (2.8) | 0.482 | |
| Chronic liver disease | 5 (1.2) | 3 (1.7) | 2 (0.8) | 0.379 | |
| Chronic kidney disease | 17 (4) | 2 (1.1) | 15 (5.9) | 0.013 | |
| Brain disease | 9 (2.1) | 6 (3.4) | 3 (1.2) | 0.110 | |
| COPD | 14 (3.3) | 7 (4) | 7 (2.8) | 0.476 | |
|
| |||||
| Complications (%) | Nosocomial pneumonia | 8 (1.9) | 2 (1.1) | 6 (2.4) | 0.359 |
| Urinary tract infection | 6 (1.4) | 2 (1.1) | 4 (1.6) | 0.708 | |
| Shock | 5 (1.2) | 5 (2.8) | 0 (0) | 0.073 | |
| Acute heart failure | 28 (6.5) | 9 (5.1) | 19 (7.5) | 0.335 | |
| Arrhythmia | 19 (4.4) | 8 (4.6) | 11 (4.3) | 0.905 | |
| ARDS | 18 (4.2) | 18 (10.3) | 0 (0) | 0.101 | |
| Acute kidney failure | 1 (0.4) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.4) | 0.406 | |
Abbreviations: ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.