TABLE 1.

Definitions of metabolic syndrome.

Characteristics	WHO 1999	EGIR 1999	NCEP: ATP III 2001	IDF 2006
Basic elements	Glucose intolerance, IGT or diabetes mellitus and/or insulin resistance plus 2 or more of the following:	Plasma insulin concentration >75th percentile of non-diabetic patients plus 2 or more of the following:	3 or more of the following:	Central obesity plus any 2 of the following:
Obesity	Waist-to-hip ratio of 0.90 (men) or 0.85 (women) and/or BMI > 30 kg/m2	Waist circumference > 94 cm (men) or 80 cm (women)	Waist circumference > 102 cm (men) or 88 cm (women)	Waist circumference* (ethnicity specific) or BMI > 30 kg/m2
Fasting plasma glucose	Impaired fasting glucose	≥6.1 mmol/l (110 mg/dl) but non-diabetic	≥5.6 mmol/l (100 mg/dl)	≥5.6 mmol/l (100 mg/dl) or previously diagnosed T2DM
Dyslipidemia	TG ≥ 1.7 mmol/l (150 mg/dl); HDL-C < 0.9 mmol/l (35 mg/dl) (men) or <1.0 mmol/l (39 mg/dl) (women)	TG ≥ 1.7 mmol/l (150 mg/dl) or on treatment; HDL-C < 1.0 mmol/l (39 mg/dl) (men and women)	TG ≥ 1.7 mmol/l (150 mg/dl) HDL-C < 1.7 mmol/l (40 mg/dl) (men); <1.29 mmol/l (50 mg/dl) (women)	TG ≥ 1.7 mmol/l (150 mg/dl) or on treatment HDL-C < 1.03 mmol/l (40 mg/dl) (men) of <1.29 mmol/l (50 mg/dl) (women) or on treatment
Hypertension	≥140/90 mmHg	≥140/90 mmHg	Systolic ≥ 130 mmHg or diastolic ≥ 85 mmHg	Systolic ≥ 130 mmHg or diastolic ≥ 85 mmHg or on treatment
Others	Urinary albumin excretion rate ≥ 20 μg/min or albumin/creatinine ≥ 20 mg/g

*Waist circumference: for European populations, >94 cm (men) and >80 cm (women); for South Asian, Chinese and Japanese populations, >90 cm (men) and >80 cm (women); for ethnic South and Central American populations, use the South Asian data; and for sub-Saharan African, Eastern Mediterranean and Middle Eastern (Arab) populations, use the European data.