TABLE 3.
Characteristics of Patients in High- and Low-Risk Categories
| Risk Group | Characteristics | Sinai Hospital of Baltimore | Yale New Haven | Bridgeport | Greenwich | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-COVID | COVID | Non-COVID | COVID | Non-COVID | COVID | Non-COVID | COVID | ||
| High Risk | Patients in population n (%) | 99 (4.9) | 92 (25.9) | 729 (8.7) | 590 (33.8) | 270 (9.6) | 290 (32) | 99 (6.9) | 92 (18.7) |
| Mortality rate, % | 24.5 | 44.6 | 17.2 | 34.6 | 23.5 | 33.8 | 20.2 | 34.8 | |
| Hospice rate, % | 3.1 | 3.3 | 9.5 | 5.4 | 8.5 | 8.3 | 14.1 | 9.8 | |
| ICU utilization rate, % | 76.5 | 55.4 | 53.4 | 47.1 | 47.1 | 51.4 | 34.3 | 35.9 | |
| Mechanical ventilation rate, % | 55.1 | 40.2 | 25.7 | 23.9 | 21.7 | 24.1 | 11.1 | 23.9 | |
| Direct admit to ICU, % | 65.3 | 34.8 | 43.8 | 37.6 | 31.3 | 36.2 | 32.3 | 20.7 | |
| Direct admit to ICU—expired, % | 31.2 | 68.8 | 26.0 | 40.2 | 27.1 | 34.3 | 12.5 | 26.3 | |
| Transferred to ICU, % | 11.2 | 20.7 | 9.6 | 9.7 | 15.8 | 15.2 | 2.0 | 15.2 | |
| Transferred to ICU—expired, % | 18.2 | 57.9 | 18.6 | 47.4 | 16.3 | 31.8 | 50.0 | 35.7 | |
| No time in ICU, % | 23.5 | 44.6 | 46.6 | 52.9 | 52.9 | 48.6 | 65.7 | 64.1 | |
| No time in ICU—expired, % | 8.7 | 19.5 | 8.6 | 28.2 | 23.6 | 34.0 | 23.1 | 37.3 | |
| Days from admit to ICU transfer, mean, median | 1.6, 1.1 | 3.7, 2.2 | 1.5, 0.7 | 5.1, 3.2 | 2.5, 1.0 | 3.6, 1.2 | 0.9, 0.9 | 4.1, 3.4 | |
| LOS (d), mean, median | 8.8, 6.5 | 12.7, 10.1 | 8.9, 6.3 | 13.8, 10.2 | 7.7, 6.1 | 11.6, 9.3 | 6.7, 5.0 | 10.0, 6.8 | |
| LOS—expired, mean, median | 4.0, 2.0 | 9.4, 6.9 | 6.6, 4.4 | 9.8, 6.5 | 5.1, 3.2 | 8.2, 4.6 | 4.7, 3.4 | 5.8, 5.2 | |
| LOS—hospice, mean, median | 3.1, 2.8 | 22.7, 20.0 | 7.1, 5.0 | 9.0, 7.2 | 7.5, 6.7 | 6.5, 5.1 | 2.8, 2.3 | 9.0, 9.1 | |
| Low Risk | Patients in population n (%) | 1,490 (73.8) | 181 (51) | 4,954 (59.1) | 665 (38.1) | 1,662 (58.9) | 387 (42.7) | 978 (68.2) | 284 (57.8) |
| Mortality rate, % | 0.4 | 5.0 | 0.2 | 3.3 | 0.2 | 2.3 | 0.3 | 2.9 | |
| Hospice rate, % | 4.6 | 1.1 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.0 | 0.7 | 1.4 | |
| ICU utilization rate, % | 4.0 | 8.8 | 3.2 | 18.2 | 9.6 | 23.0 | 6.0 | 20.8 | |
| Mechanical ventilation rate, % | 0.9 | 6.6 | 0.5 | 4.8 | 0.4 | 7.0 | 0.8 | 9.9 | |
| Direct admit to ICU, % | 1.8 | 2.2 | 1.7 | 3.9 | 7.0 | 9.3 | 3.2 | 6.3 | |
| Direct admit to ICU—expired, % | 3.7 | 50.0 | 0.0 | 15.4 | 0.0 | 8.3 | 3.2 | 5.6 | |
| Transferred to ICU, % | 2.1 | 6.6 | 1.5 | 14.3 | 2.5 | 13.7 | 2.9 | 14.4 | |
| Transferred to ICU—expired, % | 6.3 | 50.0 | 9.3 | 15.8 | 7.1 | 11.3 | 7.1 | 12.2 | |
| No time in ICU, % | 96.0 | 91.1 | 96.8 | 81.8 | 90.4 | 77.0 | 94.0 | 79.2 | |
| No time in ICU—expired, % | 0.2 | 0.6 | 0.0 | 0.6 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.9 | |
| Days from admit to ICU transfer, mean, median | 3.2, 1.6 | 3.8, 3.4 | 2.9, 1.7 | 3.1, 2.2 | 1.5, 0.9 | 3.1, 2.2 | 1.7, 0.7 | 5.7, 3.5 | |
| LOS (d), mean, median | 6.1, 4.4 | 8.1, 6.3 | 4.8, 3.1 | 9.1, 6.5 | 4.3, 3.3 | 8.0, 5.6 | 3.4, 2.9 | 7.4, 5.0 | |
| LOS—expired, mean, median | 8.7, 6.3 | 11.2, 9.2 | 12.6, 9.7 | 17.4, 15.1 | 12.2, 13.1 | 20.3, 17.2 | 11.6, 10.1 | 15.9, 14.6 | |
| LOS—hospice, mean, median | 9.0, 8.9 | 26.0, 26.0 | 10.5, 8.0 | 12.6, 4.4 | 5.8, 3.9 | 0.0, 0.0 | 2.5, 2.7 | 11.2, 10.7 | |
COVID = coronavirus disease, LOS = length of stay.