Table 1.
List of ongoing clinical trials using MSCs for COVID-19, with a focus on inclusion criteria, tissue source of MSCs, route of administration and dosage.
| ClinicalTrials.gov identifier | Inclusion criteria | Intervention | Route of administration | Dosage | No. of injections | Interval between injections, h | No. of cells/dose/62-kg person, million | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | NCT04313322 | Confirmed COVID-19 | Allogeneic WJ-MSCs | Intravenous | 1 × 106 cells/kg body weight | 3 | 96 | 62 |
| 2 | NCT04336254 | COVID-19 with severe pneumonia | Allogeneic DP-MSCs | Intravenous | 30 × 106 cells | 3 | 96 | 30 |
| 3 | NCT04315987 | COVID-19-positive patients with pulmonary impairment ≥50% | NestCell (source not specified) | Intravenous | 20 × 106 cells | 3 | 48 | 20 |
| 4 | NCT04366323 | COVID-19 with severe or critical pneumonia | Allogeneic AD-MSCs | Intravenous | 80 × 106 cells | 2 | Not specified | 80 |
| 5 | NCT04252118 | Confirmed COVID-19 with pneumonia | Allogeneic MSCs (source not specified) | Intravenous | 30 × 106 cells | 3 | 72 | 30 |
| 6 | NCT04273646 | Confirmed COVID-19 with pneumonia | Allogeneic UC-MSCs | Intravenous | 0.5 × 106 cells/kg body weight | 4 | 48 | 31 |
| 7 | NCT04288102 | Confirmed COVID-19 with pneumonia | Allogeneic MSCs (source not specified) | Intravenous | 40 × 106 cells | 3 | 72 | 40 |
| 8 | NCT04346368 | Severe case of COVID-19 | Allogeneic BM-MSCs | Intravenous | 1 × 106 cells/kg body weight | 1 | NA | 62 |
| 9 | NCT04382547 | Confirmed COVID-19 with pneumonia | Allogeneic Pooled Olfactory Mucosa-derived MSCs | Intravenous | Not specified | Not specified | Not specified | Not specified |
| 10 | NCT04302519 | Confirmed COVID-19 with severe pneumonia | Allogeneic DP-MSCs | Intravenous | 1 × 106 cells/kg body weight | 3 | 48, 72 | 62 |
| 11 | NCT04366063 | Confirmed COVID-19 with ARDS and pneumonia | Allogeneic MSCs (source not specified) | Intravenous | 100 × 106 cells | 2 | 48 | 100 |
| 12 | NCT04339660 | Confirmed COVID-19 with pneumonia | Allogeneic UC-MSCs | Intravenous | 1 × 106 cells/kg body weight | 1 | NA | 62 |
| 13 | NCT04371601 | Confirmed COVID-19 with severe pneumonia | Allogeneic UC-MSCs | Intravenous | 1 × 106 cells/kg body weight | 4 | 24 | 62 |
| 14 | NCT04355728 | COVID-19 with Severe ARDS | Allogeneic UC-MSCs | Intravenous | 100 × 106 cells | 2 | 48 | 100 |
| 15 | NCT04362189 | Suspected COVID-19 | Allogeneic AD-MSCs | Intravenous | 100 × 106 cells | 4 | 72 | 100 |
| 16 | NCT04293692 (withdrawn) | Confirmed COVID-19 with pneumonia | Allogeneic UC-MSCs | Intravenous | 0.5 × 106 cells/kg body weight | 4 | 48 | 31 |
| 17 | NCT04348461 | Confirmed COVID-19 with ARDS | Allogeneic AD-MSCs | Intravenous | 1 × 106 cells/kg body weight | 2 | 0 | 62 |
| 18 | NCT04341610 | Confirmed COVID-19 with ARDS and pneumonia | Allogeneic AD-MSCs | Intravenous | 100 × 106 cells | 1 | NA | 100 |
| 19 | NCT04371393 | Confirmed COVID-19 with moderate to severe ARDS | Allogeneic MSCs (source not specified) | Intravenous | 2 × 106 cells/kg body weight | 2 | 96 | 124 |
| 20 | NCT04345601 | Confirmed COVID-19 with mild ARDS | Allogeneic BM-MSCs | Intravenous | 100 × 106 cells | 1 | NA | 100 |
| 21 | NCT04269525 | Confirmed COVID-19 with severe pneumonia | Allogeneic UC-MSCs | Intravenous | 99 × 106 cells | 4 | 48 | 99 |
| 22 | NCT04361942 | Confirmed COVID-19 with pneumonia | Allogeneic MSCs (source not specified) | Intravenous | 1 × 106 cells/kg body weight | 1 | NA | 62 |
| 23 | NCT04333368 | Confirmed COVID-19 with ARDS | Allogeneic UC-MSCs | Intravenous | 1 × 106 cells/kg body weight | 3 | 48 | 62 |
| 24 | NCT04389450 | Confirmed COVID-19 with ARDS | PLX-PAD (allogeneic placenta-derived MSCs) | Intramuscular | Not specified | 2 | 168 | Not specified |
| 25 | NCT04367077 | Confirmed COVID-19 with moderate to severe ARDS | MultiStem (bone marrow) | Intravenous | Not specified | Not specified | Not specified | Not specified |
| 26 | NCT04366830 | Confirmed COVID-19 with moderate to severe ARDS | Remestemcel-L (source not specified) | Intravenous | 2 × 106 cells/kg body weight | 2 | Not specified | 124 |
| 27 | NCT04366271 | Severe lung involvement associated with SARS-CoV-2 virus infection | Allogeneic UC-MSCs | Not specified | Not specified | Not specified | Not specified | Not specified |
| 28 | NCT04399889 | Confirmed COVID-19 with ARDS | Allogeneic UC-MSCs | Intravenous | 1 × 106 cells/kg body weight (maximum dose 100 million cells) | 3 | 18–30 | 62 |
| 29 | NCT04348435 (Prevention) | High-risk job | Allogeneic AD-MSCs | Intravenous | 50 × 106 cells, 100 × 106 cells or 200 × 106 cells | 5 | 336, 672 | 50, 100 or 200 |
| 30 | NCT04400032 | Confirmed COVID-19 with ARDS | Allogeneic BM-MSCs | Intravenous | 25 × 106 cells, 50 × 106 cells or 90 × 106 cells | 3 | 24 | 25, 50 or 90 |
| 31 | NCT04352803 | Confirmed COVID-19 but not severe pneumonia | Allogeneic AD-MSCs | Intravenous | 0.5 × 106 cells/kg body weight | 1 | NA | 31 |
| 32 | NCT04349631 (Prevention) | Health care workers or high-risk workers with underlying health conditions | Autologous AD-MSCs | Intravenous | Not specified | 5 | Not specified | Not specified |
| 33 | NCT04377334 | Confirmed COVID-19 | Allogeneic BM-MSCs | Intravenous | Not specified | Not specified | Not specified | Not specified |
| 34 | NCT04390152 | Confirmed COVID-19 with moderate to severe ARDS | Allogeneic WJ-MSCs | Intravenous | 50 × 106 cells | 2 | Not specified | 50 |
| 35 | NCT03042143 | Confirmed COVID-19 with ARDS | Allogeneic UC-MSCs | Intravenous | 400 × 106 cells | 1 | NA | 400 |
| 36 | NCT04444271 | Confirmed COVID-19 with moderate to critical pneumonia | Allogeneic BM-MSCs | Intravenous | 2 × 106 cells/kg body weight | 2 | 144 | 124 |
| 37 | NCT04429763 | Confirmed severe COVID-19 | Allogeneic UC-MSCs | Intravenous | 1 × 106 cells/kg body weight | 1 | NA | 62 |
| 38 | NCT04565665 | Confirmed COVID-19 with moderate to severe ARDS | Allogeneic UCB-MSCs | Intravenous | Not specified | Not specified | Not specified | Not specified |
| 39 | NCT04611256 | Confirmed COVID-19 with ARDS | Allogeneic AD-MSCs | Intravenous | 1 × 106 cells/kg body weight | 2 | 48 | 62 |
| 40 | NCT04456361 | Confirmed COVID-19 with ARDS | Allogeneic WJ-MSCs | Intravenous | 100 × 106 cells | 1 | NA | 100 |
| 41 | NCT04625738 | Confirmed COVID-19 with moderate to severe ARDS | Allogeneic WJ-MSCs | Intravenous | 1 × 106 cells/kg body weight or 0.5 × 106 cells/kg body weight | 3 | 72 | 62 or 31 |
| 42 | NCT04629105 | ARDS and acutely infected with SARS-CoV-2 | Longeveron MSCs (source not specified) | Intravenous | 100 × 106 cells | 3 | Not specified | 100 |
| 43 | NCT04527224 | Confirmed COVID-19 with pneumonia | AstroStem-V (allogeneic AD-MSCs) | Not specified | Not specified | Not specified | Not specified | Not specified |
| 44 | NCT04428801 | Healthy persons highly susceptible to SARS-Cov-2 infections | Allogeneic AD-MSCs | Intravenous | 200 × 106 cells | 3 | 48 | 200 |
| 45 | NCT04573270 | COVID-19 patients or health care providers | PrimePro (allogeneic UC-MSCs) | Intravenous | Not specified | Not specified | Not specified | Not specified |
| 46 | NCT04490486 | Confirmed COVID-19 with moderate to severe ARDS | Allogeneic UC-MSCs | Intravenous | 100 × 106 cells | 2 | 72 | 100 |
| 47 | NCT04457609 | Confirmed COVID-19 with pneumonia | Allogeneic UC-MSCs | Intravenous | 1 × 106 cells/kg body weight | 1 | NA | 62 |
| 48 | NCT04461925 | Confirmed COVID-19 with severe pneumonia | Allogeneic placenta derived-MSCs | Intravenous | 1 × 106 cells/kg body weight | 3 | 72 | 62 |
| 49 | NCT04535856 | Mild or moderate COVID-19 | Dae Woong (DW)-MSCs (Phamaceutical Co. Ltd.) | Intravenous | 50 × 106 cells or 100 × 106 cells | 1 | NA | 50 or 100 |
| 50 | NCT04452097 | Confirmed COVID-19 with moderate to severe pneumonia | Allogeneic UC-MSCs | Intravenous | 0.5 × 106 cells/kg body weight, 1.0 × 106 cells/kg body weight or 1.5 × 106 cells/kg body weight | 1 | NA | 31, 62 or 93 |
| 51 | NCT04397796 | Confirmed COVID-19 with moderate to severe ARDS | Allogeneic BM-MSCs | Intravenous | Not specified | Not specified | Not specified | Not specified |
| 52 | NCT04494386 | Confirmed COVID-19 with ARDS | Allogeneic umbilical cord lining stem cells | Intravenous | 100 × 106 cells | 2 | 48 | 100 |
| 53 | NCT04390139 | Confirmed COVID-19 with moderate ARDS | Allogeneic WJ-MSCs | Intravenous | 1 × 106 cells/kg body weight | 2 | 48 | 62 |
| 54 | NCT04492501 | Confirmed COVID-19 with hospitalization | Allogeneic BM-MSCs | Intravenous | 2 × 106 cells/kg body weight | 1 | NA | 124 |
| 55 | NCT04392778 | Confirmed COVID-19 with pneumonia | Allogeneic UC-MSCs | Intravenous | 1 × 106 cells/kg body weight | 3 | 72 | 62 |
| 56 | NCT04467047 | Confirmed COVID-19 | Allogeneic BM-MSCs | Intravenous | 1 × 106 cells/kg body weight | 1 | NA | 62 |
| 57 | NCT04398303 | Confirmed COVID-19 with moderate to severe ARDS | Allogeneic UC-MSCs | Intravenous | 1 × 106 cells/kg body weight | 1 | NA | 62 |
| 58 | NCT04447833 | Confirmed COVID-19 with severe ARDS | Allogeneic BM-MSCs | Intravenous | 1 × 106 cells/kg body weight or 2 × 106 cells/kg body weight | 1 | NA | 62 or 124 |
| 59 | NCT04437823 | Moderate to severe COVID-19 | Allogeneic UC-MSCs | Intravenous | 0.5 × 106 cells/kg body weight | 3 | 48 | 31 |
| 60 | NCT04466098 | Confirmed COVID-19 with moderate to severe ARDS | Allogeneic MSCs (source not specified) | Intravenous | 300 × 106 cells | 3 | 48 | 300 |
Data obtained from www.clinicaltrials.gov.
DP-MSCs, dental pulp-derived MSCs; NA, not applicable; UCB-MSCs, umbilical cord blood-derived MSCs; DW-MSCs, Dae Woong (Company name) MSCs.