Table 2.
Kidney replacement therapy and nephrology workforce statistics in the 15 OSEA countries and territory participating in the ISN-GKHA survey10, 11, 12, 13, 14
| Country/territory | World Bank income level | Treated KF, pmp, 2018 |
Prevalence of long-term dialysis, pmp, 2018 |
Long-term dialysis centers, pmp |
Kidney transplantation, pmp, 2018 |
Nephrology workforce, pmp |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Incidence | Prevalence | HD | PD | Total (HD + PD)a | HD | PD | Incidence | Prevalence | Centers | Nephrologists | Nephrology trainees | ||
| Global median [IQR]b | — | 142 [106–193] | 787 [522–1047] | 310.0 [99.0–597.0] | 25.0 [2.0–56.0] | 359.0 [112.0–636.0] | 4.5 [1.2–9.9] | 1.3 [0.4–2.5] | 14.0 [5.0–36.0] | 269.0 [66.0–468.0] | 0.4 [0.2–0.7] | 10.0 [1.2–22.7] | 1.4 [0.4–3.7] |
| OSEA median [IQR]b | — | 259 [135–338] | 1352 [966–1673] | 682.0 [411.0–970.0] | 101.0 [10.0–175.0] | 887.0 [320.0–1235.0] | 5.7 [1.5–14.4] | 2.2 [0.6–3.3] | 4.7 [2.5–12.6] | 268.0 [58.0–461.0] | 0.4 [0.1–0.7] | 5.7 [1.1–16.6] | 1.1 [0.3–4.5] |
| Australia | High | 117 | 988 | 425.5 | 101.1 | 527.0 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 45.0 | 461.0 | 0.9 | 21.3 | 5.0 |
| Brunei Darussalam | High | 393 | 1673 | 1064.6 | 170.4 | 1235.0 | 14.4 | 3.3 | — | — | 2.2 | 28.9 | 11.1 |
| Cambodia | Lower-middle | — | — | — | — | — | 0.6 | — | — | — | — | 0.9 | 0.3 |
| Fiji | Upper-middle | — | — | — | — | — | 6.5 | 2.2 | — | — | — | 1.1 | 1.1 |
| Indonesia | Lower-middle | 135 | 323 | — | 3.3 | 320.0 | 2.5 | 0.2 | 2.0 | — | 0.0 | 0.5 | 0.2 |
| Lao PDR | Lower-middle | — | — | — | — | — | 1.2 | — | — | — | — | — | 11.3 |
| Malaysia | Upper-middle | 259 | 1352 | 970.0 | 95.0 | 1295.0 | 23.6 | 1.4 | 2.5 | 58.0 | 0.1 | 5.7 | 1.1 |
| Myanmar | Lower-middle | — | — | — | 0.0 | — | 1.5 | 0.1 | 0.0 | — | 0.1 | 0.5 | 0.3 |
| New Caledonia | High | 338 | 2542 | 1770.0 | 251.0 | 2021.0 | 47.7 | 26.5 | — | 521.0c | —c | 40.7 | 0.0 |
| New Zealand | High | 119 | 966 | 410.6 | 175.4 | 586.0 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 39.8 | 380.0 | 0.7 | 15.4 | 4.5 |
| Philippines | Lower-middle | 172 | 319 | 69.2 | 10.1 | 314.0 | 5.7 | — | 4.7 | 5.0 | 0.3 | 5.7 | 0.9 |
| Samoa | Lower-middle | — | — | — | — | — | 9.9 | — | — | — | — | 5.0 | 0.0 |
| Singapore | High | 333 | 2076 | 681.9 | 158.3 | 1188.9 | 19.4 | 0.9 | 12.6 | 267.5 | 0.4 | 16.6 | 3.5 |
| Thailand | Upper-middle | 346 | 1515 | 823.5 | 369.0 | 1192.5 | 10.7 | 3.2 | 9.4 | 114.1 | 0.4 | 11.7 | 1.3 |
| Vietnam | Lower-middle | — | — | 41.7 | 11.5 | 53.2 | 1.3 | 0.6 | 2.9 | — | 0.2 | 3.1 | 0.5 |
—, Data not reported/unavailable; GKHA, Global Kidney Health Atlas; HD, hemodialysis; IQR, interquartile range; ISN, International Society of Nephrology; KF, kidney failure; OSEA, Oceania and South East Asia; PD, peritoneal dialysis; PDR, People’s Democratic Republic; pmp, per million population.
The total number of dialysis patients might not correspond to the sum of HD and PD patients if numbers for HD, PD, and total dialysis patients were obtained from different data resources.
Median and interquartile range are calculated from the countries participating in the ISN-GKHA survey.
In New Caledonia, patients can receive a kidney transplantation in France and, since 2012, a local kidney transplantation program is also available with transplantation being performed in Sydney, Australia.