Table 1.
Biological associations of P. atlanticum in the eastern tropical North Atlantic.
| Species | Association | Type | Date | Start dive (UTC) | Station | Depth (m) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chordata | ||||||
| Unidentified Actinopterygii | Swimming inside P. atlanticum, observed 4 times | Pelagic: trophic, shelter | 22/02/18,22/02/19 | 21:21, 21:04 | Fogo, Eddy | 20, 30 |
| Crustacea | ||||||
| Unidentified Oplophoridae | Sitting on and eating P. atlanticum, observed 11 (2018) and 5 (2019) times | Pelagic: substrate, trophic | 22/02/18,17/02/19, 18/02/19 | 09:28, 15:56, 07:15 | Fogo | 220–300, 290–330, 360 |
| Funchalia villosa | Sitting inside and on P. atlanticum | Pelagic: substrate | 18/02/19 | 07:15 | Fogo | 320 |
| Pandalopsis sp. | Eating P. atlanticum, observed 5 times | Benthic: trophic | 17/02/19 | 15:56 | Fogo | 230 |
| Phronima sp. | Holding cut P. atlanticum | Pelagic: trophic, reproduction | 08/02/19 | 21:30 | Santo Antão | 70 |
| Primno sp. | Attached to P. atlanticum on seafloor, observed 2 times | Benthic: trophic | 10/02/19 | 09:24 | Santo Antão | 312 |
| Hyperiid amphipods | Holding, sitting/swimming in and on P. atlanticum. (i.e. including Hyperia and Oxycephalidae) | Pelagic: Substrate, trophic | All | – | All | All |
| Unidentified Decorator crab | Eating P. atlanticu | Benthic: trophic | 10/02/19 | 09:24 | Santo Antão | 382 |
| Unidentified Anomura | Five Anomura eating P. atlanticum | Benthic: trophic | 12/02/19 | 09:16 | Santo Antão | 361 |
| Mollusca | ||||||
| Dondice sp. | Sitting on P. atlanticum | Benthic: trophic | 10/02/19 | 09:24 | Santo Antão | 315 |
| Unidentified Gastropod | Eating P. atlanticum | Benthic: trophic | 17/02/19 | 15:56 | Fogo | 307 |
| Cnidaria | ||||||
| Drymonema gorgo | Twelve P. atlanticum caught in tentacles | Pelagic: trophic | 26/02/18 | 09:14 | Fogo | 50 |
| Unidentified Actiniaria | Eating P. atlanticum, observed 2 times | Benthic: trophic | 10/02/19 | 09:24 | Santo Antão | 287 |