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. 2021 Apr 29;11:253. doi: 10.1038/s41398-021-01371-1

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© The Author(s) 2021, corrected publication 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 2 — Brain topographic maps for all electrodes showing MMN average amplitude during the auditory oddball paradigm (50-ms standard tones of 1000 kHz, 100-ms duration-deviant tones of 1000 kHz, and 50-ms frequency-deviant tones of 1050 Hz) in young controls (YC), aged controls (AC), Schizophrenia patients (SZ), and Alzheimer’s disease patients (AD) for duration deviants (a) and frequency deviants (b). Below each pannel, the corresponding p-values are shown as brain heatmaps and obtained for the indicated comparisons using a two-sample two-tail Student’s t test. The results are expressed as means. (c) Grand average-evoked potentials elicited during the auditory oddball stimulation and illustrating MMN average amplitude at the Fz electrode for duration and frequency deviants (d) in young control (YC), aged control (AC), schizophrenic patients (SZ), and Alzheimer’s patients (AD). The results are expressed as mean and negativity is plotted as an upward deflection.