Table 8.

Effects of bacteria/inflammation on the property and function of GMSCs.

Inflammatory Factors	Effects	Refs
iGMSC vs normal GMSC	Similar phenotypes Increased osteogenic potentials	Tomasello et al. (140)
	Similar phenotypes Decreased expression of Nanog, Oct3/4 and Sox-2	Soancă et al. (141)
	Similar phenotypes Increased proliferation No difference in cell migration	Al Bahrawy et al. (142)
	Decreased expression of FasL and impaired immunomodulation on T cells in vitro Impaired therapeutic effects on mice colitis	Yu et al. (59)
	Reduced CFU & osteogenic potential Increased adipogenic potential	Jauregui et al. (143)
	Reduced osteogenic & adipogenic potentials Increased proliferation A pro-fibrotic phenotype Increased expression of inflammatory factors	Li et al. (144)
TNF-α	Reduced viability Increased pro-inflammatory cytokines Impaired pro-angiogenic activity	Giacomelli et al. (145)
IL-1/TNF-α	Decreased CFU Reduced osteogenic potentials	Zhang et al. (146)
IL-1β/TNF-α/IFN-γ/Retinol	Enhanced characteristics Enhanced initial cellular proliferation Increase in the expression of the pluripotency markers Increase in the differentiation potential Activation of the intracellular Wnt/β‐catenin pathway	Fawzy El-Sayed et al. (147)
F. nucleatum	Promoting cell migration and chemokine/cytokine release Inhibiting the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation	Kang et al. (148)
Porphyromonas gingivalis-LPS	Increased proliferation Minimal inflammatory response No effects on CFU and osteogenic potentials	Zhou et al. (149)
Antibiotics/Oral Microbiota/LPS	Inhibition of proliferation, in vivo, mice	Su et al. (122)