Table 1.

Metacognitive knowledge in language learning.

Flavell (1979)	Sinclair (2000a)	Cotterall (2009)
Knowledge of person	Knowledge of self as a language learner	Awareness of their strengths and weaknesses in relation to tasks
Knowledge of task	Knowledge of socio-cultural, political, and physical learning context; Knowledge of subject matter	Understanding of tasks they are engaged in
Knowledge of strategy	Knowledge of language learning processes	Knowledge of strategies which can help them undertake such tasks