TABLE 4.

Adjusted Odds for Childhood Atopic Disease in the Cohort Retained Beyond 4 Years

	Vaginal Cohorta (n = 7162)		Cesarean Cohorta (n = 3242)
	Odds Ratio	95% CI	Odds Ratio	95% CI
Composite outcomeb
No GBS IAP	Reference	Reference	N/A	N/A
GBS IAP	1.21	0.96–1.52	1.17	0.88–1.56
Other antibiotics	1.00	0.78–1.28	Reference	Reference
Asthmac
No GBS IAP	Reference	Reference	N/A	N/A
GBS IAP	1.15	0.88–1.50	1.23	0.89–1.71
Other antibiotics	0.98	0.73–1.31	Reference	Reference
Eczemad
No GBS IAP	Reference	Reference	N/A	N/A
GBS IAP	1.37	0.99–1.88	1.39	0.95–2.04
Other antibiotics	1.04	0.73–1.47	Reference	Reference
Food allergyd
No GBS IAP	Reference	Reference	N/A	N/A
GBS IAP	1.37	0.87–2.15	1.02	0.61–1.73
Other antibiotics	1.46	0.93–2.29	Reference	Reference
Allergic rhinitisd
No GBS IAP	Reference	Reference	N/A	N/A
GBS IAP	0.85	0.62–1.18	0.99	0.66–1.48
Other antibiotics	0.91	0.64–1.29	Reference	Reference

Adjusted for maternal age, maternal race and ethnicity, maternal BMI, parity, GBS colonization status, chorioamnionitis, maternal asthma, maternal allergy, proportion of residents with less than high school education, median household income quartile, infant’s sex, birth wt-for-gestation z score, neonatal antibiotics, and breastfeeding at 3 mo. N/A, not applicable.

^aCohorts include all infants who had at least 1 pediatric visit after 4 completed years of age.

^bIncludes asthma, eczema, and food allergy.

^cIncludes all covariates from primary model except maternal allergy.

^dIncludes all covariates from primary model except maternal asthma.