Table 3.

Table of used terms, their statistical meaning, and description

Term	Description and usage
Beta-values	Describe the frequency of methylation at a given CpG site. Numeric values between 0 and 1. Biological interpretable.
Beta${}_i$	Single Beta-value i of all p Beta-values
M-values	Standardized Beta-values. The standardization must be read as “logit” transformation. Numeric values from $-\infty$ to $+\infty$. No biological meaning.
M${}_i$	Single M-value i of all p M-values
Outcome	Dependent variable Y of the regression models; here Beta-values or M-values
${\mathrm{\Delta }}_{\mathit{Beta}}$	Difference in Beta-values
${\mathrm{\Delta }}_M$	Difference in M-values
${\beta }_0$, ${\beta }_1$	Coefficients of the regression model; ${\beta }_0$ as the intercept and ${\beta }_1$ as the effect estimate, i.e., the mean difference between the two groups Placebo and Treatment.