Table 3.
Association between death and community-based management in hazard ratio (95% CI)
| Model 1a | Model 2b | Model 3c | Model 4d | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| High-risk behaviour | ||||
| Progression of high-risk behaviour, HR (95% CI) | ||||
| No change | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| Better | 0.49 (0.43–0.54) | 0.44 (0.39–0.50) | 0.46 (0.39–0.53) | 0.46 (0.40–0.53) |
| Worse | 1.04 (0.72–1.5) | 0.81 (0.55–1.19) | 0.84 (0.52–1.35) | 0.84 (0.53–1.36) |
| Baseline high-risk behaviour, HR (95% CI) | ||||
| High risk | – | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| Low risk | – | 0.44 (0.33–0.59) | 0.42 (0.3–0.6) | 0.41 (0.29–0.59) |
| Variance (county), estimate (s.e.) | 0.368 (0.062) | 0.371 (0.063) | 0.348 (0.067) | 0.342 (0.066) |
| Disease stability | ||||
| Progression of disease stability, HR (95% CI) | ||||
| No change | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| Better | 0.39 (0.34–0.44) | 0.31 (0.27–0.36) | 0.31 (0.27–0.37) | 0.31 (0.27–0.37) |
| Worse | 1.01 (0.78–1.29) | 0.9 (0.69–1.18) | 0.93 (0.67–1.28) | 0.94 (0.68–1.29) |
| Baseline disease stability, HR (95% CI) | ||||
| Unstable | – | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| Stable | – | 0.43 (0.35–0.53) | 0.43 (0.34–0.56) | 0.43 (0.33–0.55) |
| Variance (county), estimate (s.e.) | 0.321 (0.057) | 0.331 (0.059) | 0.315 (0.063) | 0.308 (0.062) |
| Medication adherence | ||||
| Progression of medication adherence, HR (95% CI) | ||||
| No change | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| Better | 0.79 (0.69–0.91) | 0.71 (0.61–0.82) | 0.81 (0.68–0.97) | 0.80 (0.67–0.96) |
| Worse | 0.83 (0.73–0.95) | 0.96 (0.84–1.10) | 0.89 (0.75–1.05) | 0.89 (0.76–1.05) |
| Baseline medication adherence, HR (95% CI) | ||||
| Adherent | – | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| Taking reduced doses of medicine or taking it at a reduced frequency than prescribed | – | 1.54 (1.35–1.75) | 1.24 (1.06–1.46) | 1.25 (1.06–1.46) |
| Refusing to take medicine | – | 1.61 (1.42–1.83) | 1.02 (0.87–1.2) | 1.02 (0.87–1.21) |
| Variance (county), estimate (s.e.) | 0.318 (0.055) | 0.307 (0.054) | 0.28 (0.055) | 0.283 (0.056) |
Ref., reference.
a.
Without adjusting for covariates.
b.
Adjusting for baseline community management indicator.
c.
Adding other individual covariates, including age at baseline, gender, diagnose, family history of mental disorders, education attainment, occupation, economic status, ethnicity and marital status.
d.
Adding county-level covariates, including gross domestic product per capita, average travelling time to the nearest hospital, and the number of mental health hospitals.