Table 4.
Association of Maternal Self-Report of Internalizing Symptoms and Family Functioning With Subsequent Timing of Breast Development Onset in All Girls Recruited Before Onset, Mothers (n = 821) From the Lessons in Epidemiology and Genetics of Adult Cancer From Youth Girls Study, 2011–2016
| Symptom in Mothers and Families | No. | Events | Days of Follow-up | HR a | 95% CI | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stressb | 323 | 243 | 207,186 | 1.06 | 0.93, 1.21 | 0.41 |
| Anxietyc | 324 | 245 | 207,894 | 1.14 | 1.00, 1.30 | 0.05 |
| Depressionc | 323 | 243 | 207,400 | 1.02 | 0.89, 1.16 | 0.82 |
| Family communicationd | 314 | 237 | 202,823 | 1.11 | 0.97, 1.28 | 0.14 |
| Family functioningd | 319 | 242 | 204,972 | 1.10 | 0.96, 1.26 | 0.16 |
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio.
a HR is for a 1–standard deviation change in the psychosocial factor adjusted for daughter’s age at assessment, race/ethnicity, study center, maternal education, body mass index percentile, breast cancer family history.
b Perceived Stress Scale score.
c Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scales scores.
d General function and communication subscales of the McMaster Family Assessment Device.