Table 3.

Patient risk behaviors.

Category	MCC (n = 63)	MVC (n = 39)	p-value
A. Driving history
Previously in accident	100.0% (61)	92.3% (36)	0.261
Driving experience
Drive every day	32.8% (20)	89.7% (35)	<0.001
Drive several times/week	31.2% (19)	2.6% (1)
Drive once a week	11.5% (7)	2.6% (1)
Drive a few times a month	19.7% (12)	2.6% (1)
Doesn’t drive at all	4.9% (3)	0.0% (0)
Doesn’t own a car	0.0% (0)	2.6% (1)
Introspection of driving
Never imagined possibility of accident before	50.8% (32)	71.8% (28)	0.036
Distraction present	58.7% (37)	59.0% (23)	0.981
Other vehicle did not follow proper driving protocol	44.4% (28)	30.8% (12)	0.169
B. Substance use at time of accident
Smoking History
Smoker	37.7% (23)	38.5% (15)	0.939
PPD amongst smokers (Mean + SD)	0.7 + 0.3	0.5 + 0.3	0.159
Drinking History
Drinking > 4 times/week	12.7% (8)	5.1% (2)	0.212
Drinking > 5 drinks at a time	6.4% (4)	10.3% (4)	0.476
Admitted alcohol on day of accident	19.4% (12)	23.1% (9)	0.654
Substance Abuse at Time of Accident
Admitted substance use	3.3% (2)	15.4% (6)	0.030
Admitted pain medication	4.9% (3)	5.1% (2)	0.962
C. Risk behavior history
Admitted speeding	71.4% (45)	79.5% (31)	0.364
Admitted dangerous maneuvers or tricks	17.5% (11)	7.7% (3)	0.164
Admitted driving under influence of alcohol	17.5% (11)	23.1% (9)	0.487
Admitted driving under influence of drugs	6.4% (4)	20.5% (8)	0.031
Admitted driving while tired	36.5% (23)	79.5% (31)	<0.001
Admitted driving and texting	12.7% (8)	48.7% (19)	<0.001
Admitted switching lanes without signaling	1.6% (1)	2.6% (1)	0.730
Admitted failure to comply with road signs	1.6% (1)	2.6% (1)	0.730
Admitted speeding while overtaking vehicles	38.1% (24)	64.1% (25)	0.011
Risk behavior aggregate score (mean + SD)	2.0 + 1.5	3.3 + 1.3	<0.001
>1 risk behavior	58.7% (37)	94.9% (37)	<0.001

MCC: motorcycle collision; MVC: motor vehicle collision. PPD: pack per day; SD: standard deviation. Significant p-values bolded.