Table 3.

Changes in hemodynamic parameters in ivabradine and control animals, after administration of study drug.

Variable	Group	Effects of ivabradine on hemodynamic parameters. Hemodynamic changes
		15 min after drug administration	30 min after drug administration	45 min after drug administration	60 min after drug administration
HR [bpm]	Control	3.1 ± 18.6	3.7 ± 21.2	4.4 ± 22.7	1.9 ± 25.1
	Ivabradine	−24.8 ± 16.7*	−25.2 ± 17.3**	−26.7 ± 17.1**	−25.1 ± 16.3*
MAP [mmHg]	Control	−2.0 ± 8.7	3.0 ± 8.2	−0.2 ± 15.2	−0.5 ± 17.9
	Ivabradine	−5.7 ± 6.9	−1.8 ± 8.1	0.6 ± 15.6	−6.8 ± 8.2
SV [mL]	Control	6.3 ± 9.9	8.0 ± 10.6	7.2 ± 9.9	6.6 ± 11.5
	Ivabradine	12.2 ± 10.1	5.5 ± 9.4	4.1 ± 9.1	2.4 ± 10.7
CO [l/min]	Control	1.0 ± 1.5	1.2 ± 1.7	1.2 ± 1.7	1.1 ± 2.1
	Ivabradine	−0.3 ± 0.5*	−0.9 ± 1.0**	−1.1 ± 1.1**	−1.1 ± 1.2*
PCWP [mmHg]	Control	−3.0 ± 3.3	−3.7 ± 3.3	−4.9 ± 2.6	−4.4 ± 1.1
	Ivabradine	−2.9 ± 3.3	−4.0 ± 3.0	−4.8 ± 4.1	−4.4 ± 3.9
MPAP [mmHg]	Control	−1.7 ± 5.0	−2.8 ± 5.3	−4.3± 5.7	−2.7 ± 4.7
	Ivabradine	−0.8 ± 1.9	−1.8 ± 2.9	−3.2 ± 3.1	−3.4 ± 3.4
CVP [mmHg]	Control	−2.8 ± 2.2	−3.3 ± 2.1	−3.7 ± 2.6	−4.1 ± 2.2
	Ivabradine	0.6 ± 1.7**	0.1 ± 1.3**	0.1 ± 2.1**	−0.6 ± 2.3*
SVO2 [%]	Control	−0.1 ± 9.0	−0.6 ± 11.2	−2.4 ± 12.7	−1.4 ± 7.5
	Ivabradine	−1.8 ± 3.5	−2.9 ± 4.8	−2.6 ± 3.1	−2.0 ± 3.2

Values are expressed as mean ± standard deviation.

^*p < 0.05;

^**p < 0.01 (comparison ivabradine–placebo);

HR — heart rate; MAP — mean arterial pressure; SV — stroke volume; CO — cardiac output; PCWP — pulmonary capillary wedge pressure; MPAP — mean pulmonary artery pressure; CVP — central venous pressure; SVO₂ — mixed venous oxygen saturation