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. 2021 Apr 27;9:e11292. doi: 10.7717/peerj.11292

Table 2. Physical performance parameters of children.

Pre
Mean (SD)
Post
Mean (SD)
Mean Difference (95% CI) Cohen’sd
[95% CI]
Jump height (cm) IG 13.2 (4.1) 16.6 (3.0) 3.47 [2.03; 4.79] 0.97 [0.49; 1.45]
PG 14.6 (4.5) 16.6 (3.1) 2.02 [0.50; 3.77] 0.53 [0.10; 0.96]
CON 14.3 (4.3) 15.5 (3.5) 1.19 [−2.49; 2.83] 0.23 [−0.42; 0.72]
Maximum Jump Power (W/kg) IG 23.4 (3.9) 29.4 (4.7) 5.96 [3.65; 8.56] 1.38 [0.57; 2.04]
PG 27.5 (5.4) 30.2 (4.2) 2.73 [1.10; 4.57] 0.57 [0.18; 0.98]
CON 25.9 (4.8) 30.2 (3.9) 4.29 [3.05; 6.01] 0.98 [0.61; 1.46]
Handgrip strength (N) IG 76.9 (16.0) 95.5 (19.2) 18.20 [13.60; 24.10] 1.03 [0.76; 1.28]
PG 83.3 (21.9) 88.2 (21.9) 4.44 [−0.80; 10.40] 0.20 [−0.06; 0.46]
CON 80.7 (17.6) 78.7 (23.3) −2.46 [−8.99; 1.95] −0.12 [−0.42; 0.11]
Rate of force development (N/s) IG 25.6 (14.8) 36.9 (10.1) 10.90 [3.76; 16.50] 0.86 [0.09; 1.46]
PG 34.7 (16.2) 38.1 (17.7) 2.91 [−0.62; 6.43] 0.17 [−0.05; 0.39]
CON 28.1 (14.8) 24.6 (14.8) −4.06 [−9.30; 0.56] −0.27 [−0.57; 0.11]
Locomotor skills IG 32.6 (11.0) 40.9 (9.2) 8.30 [4.80; 11.20] 0.82 [0.42; 1.29]
PG 34.5 (7.0) 36.3 (6.1) 1.85 [−1.08; 4.69] 0.28 [−0.18; 0.77]
CON 29.6 (10.1) 32.0 (7.6) 2.45 [−1.43; 6.55] 0.27 [−0.18; 0.76]
Object control skills IG 15.2 (5.9) 21.1 (5.9) 5.90 [3.70; 8.25] 1.00 [0.49; 1.60]
PG 15.0 (7.3) 19.2 (6.8) 4.19 [1.88; 6.42] 0.60 [0.26; 0.98]
CON 18.2 (6.6) 19.6 (6.5) 1.41 [−1.68; 4.09] 0.22 [−0.27; 0.70]
TGMD-2 total score IG 47.8 (14.1) 62.0 (14.2) 13.90 [9.71; 17.40] 1.00 [0.57; 1.55]
PG 49.5 (12.0) 55.5 (10.9) 6.04 [1.65; 10.20] 0.53 [0.12; 0.94]
CON 47.8 (14.4) 51.7 (12.7) 3.86 [−0.55; 9.32] 0.32 [−0.06; 0.69]

Notes.

Data are reported as mean with standard deviation (SD). Mean differences calculated for each group with corresponding effect sizes and 95% confidence intervals [95% CI].

TGMD-2, Test of Gross Motor Skills 2.