Table 1.
Baseline clinical and procedural characteristics.
| Group A | Group B | Group C | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||
| Low HDL-C (n = 4,098) | Normal HDL-C (n = 3,910) | High HDL-C (n = 661) | ||
| Age [years] | 62.2 ± 12.6 | 63.1 ± 12.6 | 64.3 ± 12.2 | < 0.001 |
| Male sex | 5972 (78%) | 7606 (70%) | 590 (62.6%) | < 0.001 |
| Ischemic heart disease | 1181 (15.5%) | 1525 (14.1%) | 232 (14.8%) | 0.028 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 2418 (32.1%) | 2651 (24.7%) | 317 (20.2%) | < 0.001 |
| Hypertension | 3804 (50.3%) | 5321 (49.5%) | 753 (48.1%) | 0.251 |
| Dyslipidemia | 956 (13.6%) | 1297 (13.0%) | 157 (10.8%) | 0.014 |
| Smoking | 3735 (49.4%) | 4597 (42.7%) | 578 (37.1%) | < 0.001 |
| Family history of ischemic heart disease | 659 (9.3%) | 889 (8.9%) | 113 (7.8%) | 0.178 |
| Systolic BP at presentation [mmHg] | 127 ± 30 | 130 ± 27 | 133 ± 27 | < 0.001 |
| Diastolic BP at presentation [mmHg] | 78 ± 27 | 79 ± 17 | 81 ± 16 | < 0.001 |
| Killip class: | ||||
| I | 5412 (75.1%) | 7844(76.3%) | 1056 (70.7%) | < 0.001 |
| II | 910 (12.6%) | 1346 (13.1%) | 242 (16.2%) | |
| III | 565 (7.8%) | 752 (7.3%) | 142 (9.5%) | |
| IV | 320 (4.4%) | 336 (3.3%) | 53 (3.5%) | |
| Door-to-balloon time [min] | 173 ± 196 | 176 ± 199 | 179 ± 208 | 0.576 |
| Left ventricular ejection fraction [%] | 52.4 ± 11.6 | 52.5 ± 13.1 | 52.2 ± 15.6 | 0.538 |
| Peak troponin I [ng/mL] | 39.9 ± 88.2 | 44.2 ± 116.5 | 49.6 ± 255.5 | 0.015 |
| Serum creatinine [mg/dL] | 1.25 ± 1.54 | 1.10 ± 1.4 | 1.05 ± 1.07 | < 0.001 |
| Serum glucose [mg/dL] | 171.6 ± 82.4 | 165.3 ± 74.5 | 164.9 ± 74.4 | < 0.001 |
| Total cholesterol [mg/dL] | 172 ± 44 | 189 ± 42 | 201 ± 45 | < 0.001 |
| HDL-C [mg/dL] | 33 ± 5 | 47 ± 5 | 70 ± 13 | < 0.001 |
| LDL-C [mg/dL] | 110 ± 37 | 120 ± 41 | 117 ± 42 | < 0.001 |
| Triglycerides [mg/dL] | 150 ± 116 | 120 ± 93 | 102 ± 88 | < 0.001 |
| C-reactive protein [mg/dL] | 11.00 ± 56.48 | 9.13 ± 52.90 | 8.30 ± 53.99 | 0.059 |
| Medications at discharge: | ||||
| Acetylsalicylic acid | 7520 (98.2%) | 10661 (98.1%) | 1543 (97.7%) | 0.312 |
| Clopidogrel | 7269 (94.9%) | 10241 (94.3%) | 1455 (92.3%) | < 0.001 |
| Calcium channel blockers | 734 (9.8%) | 1075 (10.1%) | 171 (11.1%) | 0.3 |
| Beta-adrenergic blockers | 6061 (79.5%) | 8534 (78.8%) | 1217 (77.4%) | 0.148 |
| ACE inhibitors | 4710 (62%) | 6972 (64.8%) | 1032 (65.9%) | < 0.001 |
| Angiotensin receptor blockers | 1652 (22%) | 2228 (20.8%) | 291 (18.8%) | 0.011 |
| Spironolactone | 621 (8.3%) | 901 (8.5%) | 120 (7.8%) | 0.645 |
| Insulin | 127 (1.7%) | 152 (1.4%) | 12 (0.8%) | 0.02 |
| Oral hypoglycemic agents | 1201 (15.7%) | 1499 (13.8%) | 214 (13.5%) | 0.001 |
| Number of diseased vessels: | < 0.001 | |||
| 1 | 2861 (40.4%) | 4588 (46%) | 701 (51.4%) | |
| 2 | 2180 (30.8%) | 2966 (29.7%) | 402 (29.5%) | |
| 3 | 1808 (25.5%) | 2140 (21.4%) | 232 (17%) | |
| Left main disease | 229 (3.2%) | 288 (2.9%) | 30 (2.2%) | |
| Culprit lesion: | < 0.001 | |||
| Left anterior descending | 3022 (42.9%) | 4952 (49.8%) | 747 (54.9%) | |
| Left circumflex | 1238 (17.6%) | 1712 (17.2%) | 228 (16.8%) | |
| Right coronary artery | 2646 (37.6%) | 3111 (31.3%) | 360 (26.5%) | |
| Left main tract | 134 (1.9%) | 170 (1.7%) | 26 (1.9%) | |
| Successful PCI | 6466 (97.6%) | 9161 (97.5%) | 1226 (96.8%) | 0.403 |
| Post-procedural TIMI flow grade: | 0.125 | |||
| 0 | 112 (1.7%) | 116 (1.3%) | 23 (1.8%) | |
| 1 | 61 (0.9%) | 79 (0.9%) | 13 (1%) | |
| 2 | 229 (3.6%) | 354 (3.9%) | 56 (4.5%) | |
| 3 | 6023 (93.7%) | 8542 (94%) | 1155 (92.6%) | |
ACE — angiotensin converting enzyme; BP — blood pressure; HDL-C — high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C — low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; PCI — percutaneous coronary intervention; TIMI — thrombolysis in myocardial infarction