Table 1.
Domain | Encourage patients to: |
---|---|
Schedule | Develop and maintain a consistent bedtime routine and avoid daytime napping to prevent disruptions to the sleep-wake cycle89 |
Environment | (A) Use bed only for sleep to strengthen the sleep-bed connection. Find a separate space for schoolwork to avoid worsening head and neck pain90. (B) Sleep when it is dark to ensure optimal pineal gland function (C) Turn off screens at least 1–2 hours before bed to limit blue light exposure91 |
Health Behaviors | (A) Avoid caffeine and simple sugars that impair sleep onset, especially in the hours before bed89
(B) Have a healthful snack 2 hours before bedtime (C) Exercise regularly during the day to improve sleep onset and maintenance. |
Nutraceuticals | Consider use of nutraceuticals such as Melatonin92, 93 and Magnesium94, 95 to optimize sleep and migraine prevention when needed. |