Table 5.
Odds Ratios for Demographic Characteristics and Incident Diabetes Comparing the Outcome of Frail vs Nonfrail in the Diabetes Prevention Program Outcomes Study (DPPOS)
| Characteristic | Odds Ratio | 95% Confidence Interval |
|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | ||
| <45*** | 0.09 | 0.05–0.14 |
| 45–59*** | 0.16 | 0.11–0.23 |
| 60+ | Reference | – |
| Sex | ||
| Men** | 0.61 | 0.42–0.88 |
| Women | Reference | – |
| Race/ethnicity | ||
| White | Reference | - |
| African American | 2.11 | 1.37–3.25 |
| Hispanic | 3.07 | 1.99–4.74 |
| American Indian | 3.14 | 1.64–6.04 |
| Asian | 1.06 | 0.40–2.81 |
| Incident diabetes | ||
| Present* | 1.458 | 1.03–2.07 |
Notes: Odds ratios are calculated using generalized estimating equations (GEE) with data from Years 8 and 10 pooled and treated as repeated measures.
*p < .05. **p < .01. ***p < .0001.