Table 2.
Delta (T1 – T0) values for neuropsychological and behavioral variables in HL patients with and without hearing aids.
| HL patients with aids (N = 25) Median (IQR) |
HL patients without aids (N = 31) Median (IQR) |
P | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 62.64 ± 7.89 | 65.58 ± 7.93 | 0.168 |
| Age of education | 10.80 ± 4.83 | 11.00 ± 4.98 | 0.822 |
| CPM | − 2.04 ± 6.42a | 1.58 ± 3.42a | 0.002 |
| MOCA-total | − 0.08 ± 2.98 | 0.06 ± 3.39 | 0.941 |
| 15-RAWTL-immediate recall | 1.80 ± 8.39 | 3.35 ± 6.87 | 0.525 |
| 15-RAWTL-delayed recall | 1.20 ± 1.82 | 0.80 ± 2.54 | 0.893 |
| ROCF memory | 4.54 ± 8.27 | 0.22 ± 6.12 | 0.032 |
| ROCF copy | − 0.62 ± 3.76 | − 0.50 ± 3.70 | 0.698 |
| CDT | 0.00 ± 1.00 | − 3.16 ± 18.25 | 0.962 |
| TMT-A | − 1.64 ± 18.11 | 3.74 ± 16.54 | 0.158 |
| oDCT | 1.16 ± 12.53 | − 1.22 ± 6.87 | 0.980 |
| BDI-II | − 2.91 ± 9.13 | − 1.90 ± 9.61 | 0.518 |
| DAS-total | 14.29 ± 19.32 | 0.31 ± 25.98 | 0.016 |
| DAS-executive | 0.33 ± 5.08 | − 0.44 ± 4.21 | 0.222 |
| DAS-emotional | − 1.37 ± 3.93 | 1.82 ± 5.55 | 0.048 |
| DAS-initiation | 0.95 ± 4.81 | 0.72 ± 5.33 | 0.693 |
| Sf-36 physical function | − 3.80 ± 23.64 | − 5.96 ± 33.07 | 0.712 |
| Sf-36 role limitations due to physical problems | 8.08 ± 40.33 | − 2.41 ± 50.56 | 0.636 |
| Sf-36 bodily pain | 9.52 ± 32.14 | − 4.22 ± 35.82 | 0.077 |
| Sf-36 general health perception | − 3.32 ± 22.18 | − 2.25 ± 18.44 | 0.954 |
| Sf-36 emotional wellbeing | − 1.4 ± 27.21 | 1.61 ± 21.77 | 0.690 |
| Sf-36 social functioning | 4.84 ± 33.82 | − 2.77 ± 32.16 | 0.310 |
| Sf-36 role limitations due to emotional problems | 6.80 ± 50.02 | 0.09 ± 53.06 | 0.647 |
| Sf-36 general mental health perception | − 2.00 ± 30.73 | 2.32 ± 22.71 | 0.707 |
Statistically significant differences are indicated in bold.
15-RAWLT Rey’sauditory 15-word learning test- Verbal immediate recall; 15-RAWLT, Rey’sauditory 15-word learning test- Verbal delayed recall; BDI-II, Beck Depression Inventory II; CDT, Clock Drawing Test; CPM, Raven's Coloured Progressive Matrices; DAS, DimensionalApathy Scale; HL, hearing loss; IQR, Interquartile ranges; MOCA, Montreal Cognitive Assessment; N, simplesize;oDCT, DigitCancellation Test; ROCF, Rey-OsterriethComplex Figure Test;; SF 36, Short form 36; T0 = base-line; T1 = Follow up; TMT-A, TrailMaking Test Part A.
aHL patients with aids vs HL patients without aids, corrected for p ≤ 0.0125.