Table 2.
Effects of neem against hyperlipidemia
| Part (s) of the plant used/ Extract(s) | Neem dose/ route | Study design | Results | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Leaves/ aqueous | 250 mg/kg, p.o. | Male and female rats, STZ (60 mg/kg), i.p. |
↓ LDL, TG, and cholesterol ↑ HDL |
(45) |
| Leaves/ aqueous | 400 mg/kg, p.o. | Male rats, STZ (35 mg/kg), i.p. |
Normalized lipid profile | (47) |
| Leaves/ aqueous | 500 mg/kg, p.o. | Rats, STZ (45 mg/kg), i.p. |
↓ Cholesterol, TG | (48) |
| Leaves/ chloroform | 300 mg/kg, p.o. | Male rats, STZ (60 mg/kg), i.p. |
↓ LPO, ↑SOD, CAT activity, ↑ GSH levels, ↓ GSSG levels | (46) |
| Leaves/ alcoholic | 200 mg/kg, p.o. | Male rats, STZ (50 mg/kg), i.v. |
↓TC, ↓ TG, LDL and VLDL | (44) |
| Seeds/ petroleum ether | 0.09 and 2 mg/kg, p.o. | Male rats, STZ (55 mg/kg), i.v. |
↓TC, TG | (119) |
| Allopolyherbal | 500 mg/kg, p.o. | Male and female rats, STZ (60 mg/kg), i.p. |
↓ TC, TG, LDL, VLDL, serum creatinine, SGOT, and SGPT ↑ HDL |
(107) |
| Glucova Active | _ | Rats, STZ (35 and 50 mg/kg), i.p. |
↓ Serum cholesterol, TG, LDL, VLDL ↑ HDL |
(43) |
| Dihar | 10%, p.o. | Male rats, STZ (45 mg/kg), i.v. |
↓ Cholesterol, TG, LDL, Creatinine, Urea and LPO ↑ HDL, SOD and CAT |
(108) |
| Leaves/ chloroform | 20 mg/kg, p.o. | Male mice, STZ (60 mg/kg), i.v. |
↓ TG, TC, ↑ HDL ↓ LPO |
(50) |
| Dianex | 7.5 mg/kg, p.o. | Male and female mice, STZ (60 mg/kg), i.p. |
↓ TG, cholesterol, urea and cratininine | (49) |
| Leaves/ methanolic | 500 mg/kg, p.o. | Male and female rats, alloxan (100 mg/kg), i.p. |
↑ HDL ↓ LDL and TG |
(53) |
| Leaves/ ethanolic | 100 and 250 mg/kg, p.o. | Male rats, alloxan (120 mg/kg), i.p. |
↓ TC, TG, HDL, LDL, VLDL | (52) |
| Leaves/ ethanolic | 100 mg/kg, p.o. | Male rats, alloxan (120 mg/kg), i.p. |
↓ Serum cholesterol, TG, LDL, creatinine, and urea ↑ HDL |
(89) |
| Karnim Plus | 200 and 400 mg/kg, p.o. | Rats, alloxan (120 mg/kg), i.p. |
↓ Serum cholesterol, TG, creatinine, and urea | (51) |
| Ethanolic (leaves) | 50 and 300 mg/kg, p.o. | Male rats, cholesterol |
↓TC, LDL and TG | (55) |
| Aqueous (leaves) | 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg, p.o. | Male rats, isoprenaline (25 mg/kg), s.c. |
↓TC and TG ↑ HDL |
(54) |
↑: increase; ↓: decrease; CAT: catalase; GSH: glutathione; GSSG: glutathione disulfide; HDL: high-density lipoprotein; i.p.: intraperitoneal; i.v.: intravenous, kg: kilogram; LDL: low-density lipoprotein; LPO: lipid peroxidation; mg: milligram; p.o.: per os (orally); SGOT: serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase; SGPT: serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase, SOD: superoxide dismutase; STZ: streptozotocin; TC: total cholesterol; TG: triglyceride; VLDL: very-low-density lipoprotein