. 2021 May 1;20:211. doi: 10.1186/s12936-021-03703-4

Table 4.

Potential risk factors of anemia among pregnant women surveyed at the household level in Burkina Faso in 2013/2014

Potential factors	N	Anemia cases	Univariate analysis		Multivariable analysis
Potential factors	N	Anemia cases	PR (95% CI)	p	Adj. PR (95% CI)	p
Asymptomatic malaria				< 0.001^a		< 0.001^a
No	1436	479	1		1
Yes	271	133	1.34 (1.22–1.48)		1.31 (1.18–1.44)
Age				0.21		0.42
≥ 30	468	153	1		1
20–30	859	305	1.07 (0.96–1.19)		1.10 (0.98–1.23)
≤ 20	380	154	1.12 (0.99–1.27)		1.19 (1.00–1.41)
Trimester of pregnancy				< 0.001^a		< 0.001^a
First	404	239	1		1
Second	731	343	0.79 (0.71–0.89)		0.81 (0.72–0.90)
Third	573	324	0.96 (0.86–1.07)		0.97 (0.87–1.08)
Parity				0.99		0.28
Multigravida	1039	360	1		1
Secundigravida	354	130	1.00 (0.89–1.12)		0.89 (0.76–1.05)
Primigravida	314	122	1.00 (0.89–1.13)		0.92 (0.82–1.05)
Insecticide-treated nets				0.41		0.38
At least one	1650	589	1		1
No insecticide-treated nets	57	23	0.89 (0.67–1.17)		0.87 (0.66–1.15)
Education				0.56		0.48
No education	1696	608	1		1
Educated	11	4	1.21 (0.82–1.80)		1.19 (0.75–1.90)
Household socioeconomic				0.75		0.67
Middle quintile	351	132	1		1
Poorest	300	101	0.95 (0.82–1.10)		0.95 (0.82–1.09)
Poor	364	143	1.03 (0.90–1.17)		1.04 (0.91–1.18)
Rich	338	133	1.02 (0.89–1.17)		1.02 (0.89–1.17)
Richest	354	103	0.95 (0.83–1.10)		0.95 (0.83–1.09)
Place of residence				0.27		0.27
Rural	1586	568	1		1
Urban	121	44	0.90 (0.74–1.09)		0.89 (0.73–1.08)
Malaria season				0.001^a		0.008^a
Low season	1222	400	1		1
High season	485	212	1.18 (1.07–1.29)		1.13 (1.03–1.24)

PR prevalence ratio, Adj. adjusted,^a significant at the 0.05 level