Table 3.
Summary and characteristics of six studies for SARS patients and two studies for MERS patients who developed pneumothoraces were also included.
| Author | Study Design | Study Type | Month, Year | Country | Patients (N) | Patient Type | Incidence PTX (%) | Age (Y) Mean +/- SD, Median (IQR) | Male, N (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SARS Observational Studies | |||||||||
| Choi et al.61 | Retrospective Cohort, Single-center | Clinical Characteristics SARS | November 2003 | China | 267 | Hospitalized, Adults | 2.2 | 39 (18–96) | 104 (39) |
| Chu et al.23 | Case-Control, Single-center | Clinical Characteristics SARS | June 2004 | China | 112 | Hospitalized, Adults | 4.5 | 38.8 +/- 12.7 | 46 (41.1) |
| Kao et al.21 | Case-Control, Single-center | Clinical Characteristics SARS | June 2005 | China | 41 | ICU, Adults | 12.2 | 68.8 +/- 18.0* | 4 (80)* |
| Lew et al.22 | Retrospective Cohort, Single-center | Clinical Characteristics SARS | July 2003 | Singapore | 46 | ICU, Adults | 17.4 | 51 (20–78) | 24 (52.2) |
| Sihoe et al.35 | Cross-Sectional, Multi-center | Clinical Characteristics SARS | June 2004 | China | 356 | Hospitalized, Adults | 1.7 | 48 +/- 16.7* | 4 (66.7)* |
| Wong et al.62 | Cross-Sectional, Single-center | Radiologic Characteristics SARS | November 2004 | China | 99 | Hospitalized, Adults | 1 | 39.4 +/- 12.8 | NR |
| MERS Observational Studies | |||||||||
| Das et al.25 | Retrospective Cohort, Multi-center | Radiologic Characteristics/Outcome MERS | September 2015 | Saudi Arabia | 55 | Hospitalized, Adults/Children | 16.4 | 54.0 +/- 16.0 | 16 (29) |
| Saad et al.24 | Retrospective Cohort, Single-center | Clinical Characteristics MERS | December 2014 | Saudi Arabia | 70 | Hospitalized, Adults | 7.1 | 62 (1–90) | 46 (65.7) |
| Author | Location* (%) | Chest Tube* (%) | Pneumomediastinum (%) | Time to PTX (D) Mean +/- SD, Median (IQR) | Lung Disease (%) | Smoking Status (%) | IMV (%) | Mortality (%) | ECMO (%) |
| SARS ObservationalStudies | |||||||||
| Choi et al.61 | NR | NR | 100* | NR | NR | NR | 0 | 12.0 | NR |
| Chu et al.23 | Bilateral (100) | 100 | 100* | 19.6 +/- 4.6 | NR | NR | NR | 12.5 | NR |
| Kao et al.21 | NR | NR | NR | 8.0 +/- 4.4 [IMV] | Latent Tb (16.7) | NR | 100* | 41.0 | NR |
| Lew et al.22 | NR | NR | 12.5* | NR | Asthma (4.4) | NR | 100 | 10.1 | NR |
| Sihoe et al.35 | Bilateral (50), Right (33.3), Left (16.7) | 66.7 | 50* | 24.3 +/- 8.1 | NR | NR | 33.3* | 33.3 | NR |
| Wong et al.62 | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR |
| MERS Observational Studies | |||||||||
| Das et al.25 | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | 5.5 | 100* | 34.5 | NR |
| Saad et al.24 | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | 12.9 | 60 | 60.0 | NR |
Abbreviations: ECMO: extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, ICU: intensive care unit, IMV: invasive mechanical ventilation, IQR: interquartile range, N: number of patients, NR: non-reported, PTX: pneumothorax, SD: standard deviations, TB: tuberculosis, Y: years.