Official websites use .gov
A
.gov website belongs to an official
government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you've safely
connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive
information only on official, secure websites.
Risk of bias of randomized controlled trials.
| Study | Randomization process | Deviations from intended interventions | Missing outcome data | Measurement of the outcome | Selection of the reported result | Overall Bias |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cao et al. | Low | Low | Low | Some concerns | Low | Some concerns |
| Kalil et al. | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low |
Low risk of bias.
Some concerns.
High risk of bias.
