FIG 1.

V. cholerae Classical O395 flagellar motility through unprocessed porcine intestinal mucus (PIM). (A) Mucus scraped from the medial part of the small intestine of an adult pig. (B) Representative epifluorescence image at ×40 magnification of V. cholerae Classical O395 (expressing the green fluorescent protein) swimming in unprocessed pig intestinal mucus between two glass coverslips. (C) Motile cells can be distinguished from nonmotile by comparing the trajectories of effective diffusion coefficients. (D) Distributions of diffusion coefficients from individual trajectories in liquid and PIM. Motile wild-type V. cholerae O395 (WT) was compared to a nonmotile mutant (flrA) in PIM. Each distribution represents 3 to 12 replicates combining between 500 and 6,000 individual trajectories (between 250 and 1,700 min of cumulative time).