Table 2.

Enhancing Insect Cell Baculovirus Production

Modification	Mechanism	Example	Ref.
Histone deacetylation inhibitors	Promotes chromatin accessibility enhancing gene transcription	Sodium butyrate, trichostatin A and valproic acid	[29,34,35]
Media supplements	Promotes insect cell processes	Cholesterol, glutathione, antioxidants, polyamines	[36]
Altering post-translational modifications	Enables a more seamless transition from insect cells to mammalian cells	Addition of gp64 or bee melittin to alter protein fate Sf9 and High five cell lines	[37,39–41]
Altering baculovirus genes	Provides more space for transgenes improving transgene expression	Replace chitinase and cathepsin	[18,31]
Chaperone addition	Assist with protein folding to increase protein quality and yield	Addition of hsp70, hsp40, immunoglobin protein, calnexin, calreticulin and protein disulfide isomerase	[43–45]