Table 2.
Comparison of echocardiographic data among the three LVA4LS tertile groups
| Parameter | Total cohort | Lowest tertile: LVA4LS < 13.0% | Middle tertile 13.0% < LVA4LS < 18.5% | Highest tertile: LVA4LS > 18.5% | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patients in group | |||||
| Initial | 54 | 18 | 18 | 18 | NA |
| Predischarge∗ | 31 | 17 | 11 | 3 | NA |
| 3-wk follow-up | 43 | 16 | 14 | 13 | NA |
| 10-wk follow-up | 36 | 14 | 11 | 11 | NA |
| Days from admission to initial echocardiography | 0 (0–2) | 1 (0–2) | 0 (0–2) | 0 (0–1) | NA |
| Days from admission to predischarge echocardiography | 5 (3–8) | 7 (4–9) | 4 (2–6) | 5 (4–5) | NA |
| Days from admission to 3-wk follow-up echocardiography | 22 (19–26) | 25 (21–27) | 23 (20–27) | 19 (17–21) | NA |
| Days from admission to 10-week follow-up echocardiography | 64 (54–75) | 65 (58–73) | 62 (50–81) | 64 (55–65) | NA |
| LVA4LS, % | |||||
| Initial | 16.2 (11.2–19.4) | 10.1 (8.0–11.2) | 16.2 (15.0–16.6) | 20.3 (19.4–22.0) | <.001 |
| Predischarge | 17.1 (15.2–20.0) | 15.8 (12.6–19.9) | 19.4 (16.8–19.8) | 18.6 (17.7–21.2) | .09 |
| 3-wk follow-up | 19.9 (18.9–22.1) | 17.7 (17.0–19.5) | 20.1 (19.7–20.7) | 21.3 (20.1–23.9) | .002 |
| 10-wk follow-up | 20.5 (19.7–22.0) | 18.5 (16.4–20.0) | 21.3 (20.5–22.2) | 20.9 (20.6–22.4) | .013 |
| LVA4LS < 19% | |||||
| Initial | 41 | 18 | 18 | 5 | <.001 |
| Predischarge | 20 | 12 | 6 | 2 | .685 |
| 3-wk follow-up | 18 | 12 | 3 | 3 | .003 |
| 10-wk follow-up | 7 | 7 | 0 | 0 | <.001 |
| LVCS, % | |||||
| Initial | 16.3 (13.5–21.6) | 13.6 (8.2–15.6) | 16.3 (13.5–19.2) | 22.8 (20.9–25.1) | .023 |
| Predischarge | 21.3 (18.6–23.7) | 19.1 (16.9–22.0) | 22.9 (21.3–26.3) | 22.1 (20.3–22.9) | .136 |
| 3-wk follow-up | 21.6 (20.7–23.4) | 21.2 (19.8–23.6) | 21.9 (21.0–22.5) | 22.4 (20.6–24.8) | .580 |
| 10-wk follow-up | 23.3 (21.1–26.3) | 21.7 (20.1–25.1) | 23.4 (22.7–24.8) | 23.9 (21.7–27.2) | .130 |
| LVEF, % | |||||
| Initial | 54.2 ± 14.1% | 43.9 ± 14.5% | 52.5 ± 11.1% | 66.2 ± 4.4% | <.001 |
| Predischarge | 62.2 ± 8.0% | 61.6 ± 8.2% | 61.0 ± 6.4% | 69.0 ± 12.1% | .316 |
| 3-wk follow-up | 63.7 ± 5.8% | 62.7 ± 6.7% | 63.6 ± 5.2% | 64.9 ± 5.3% | .605 |
| 10-wk follow-up | 63.6 ± 4.6% | 62.6 ± 4.6% | 65.3 ± 3.9% | 63.3 ± 5.3% | .343 |
| LVEF < 55% | |||||
| Initial | 23 | 13 | 10 | 0 | <.001 |
| Predischarge | 6 | 2 | 2 | 0 | .631 |
| 3-wk follow-up | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | .170 |
| 10-wk follow-up | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | .446 |
| TAPSE, mm | |||||
| Initial | 1.7 (1.4–1.9) | 1.7 (1.5–1.9) | 1.6 (1.4–1.9) | 1.9 (1.6–2.0) | .459 |
| Predischarge | 2.0 (1.9–2.0) | 2 (1.9–2.1) | 2 (2.0–2.0) | 1.7 (1.4–1.9) | .174 |
| 3-wk follow-up | 2.0 (1.9–2.1) | 2.1 (1.9–2.2) | 2.0 (1.9–2.1) | 1.9 (1.7–2.1) | .139 |
| 10-wk follow-up | 2.0 (1.9–2.1) | 2.1 (2–2.2) | 2.0 (1.9–2.0) | 2.0 (1.9–2.1) | .099 |
| Abnormal RV function | |||||
| Initial | 10 | 9 | 1 | 0 | <.001 |
| Predischarge | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | NA |
| 3-wk follow-up | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | NA |
| 10-wk follow-up | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | NA |
| Coronary dilation | |||||
| Initial | 6 | 4 | 1 | 1 | .224 |
| Predischarge | 5 | 2 | 3 | 0 | .401 |
| 3-wk follow-up | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | .472 |
| 10-wk follow-up | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | .446 |
| Mitral valve regurgitation | |||||
| Initial | 16 | 8 | 7 | 1 | .022 |
| Predischarge | 8 | 5 | 3 | 0 | .557 |
| 3-wk follow-up | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | NA |
| 10-wk follow-up | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | NA |
| Tricuspid valve regurgitation | |||||
| Initial | 16 | 10 | 4 | 2 | .010 |
| Predischarge | 11 | 7 | 4 | 0 | .388 |
| 3-wk follow-up | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | .422 |
| 10-wk follow-up | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | .614 |
| Pericardial effusion | |||||
| Initial | 14 | 5 | 6 | 3 | .509 |
| Predischarge | 13 | 10 | 3 | 0 | .077 |
| 3-wk follow-up | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | .422 |
| 10-wk follow-up | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | NA |
Data are expressed as number, median (interquartile range), or mean ± SD.
TAPSE, Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion.
∗
Predischarge echocardiography was performed if previous echocardiograms showed reduced cardiac function or if there was a clinical concern requiring echocardiography.