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. 2021 Apr 19;12:667989. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.667989

Figure 1.

Figure 1

A catalogue of neoepitopes and their production sites/mechanisms in beta-cells. (A) Referenced list of known neoepitopes in type 1 diabetes where the type of PTM, the potential mediator, the antigen and how it is recognized and identified, the species in which it was identified and the reference to the original publication are shown. Cat-L, cathepsin L; ROS, reactive oxygen species; AutoAbs, autoantibodies; TGM, tissue transglutaminase; ChgA, chromogranin A; ER, endoplasmic reticulum; PAD, peptidylarginine deiminase; GAD: glutamate decarboxylase; IA-2: insulinoma-associated antigen 2; ZnT8, zinc-transporter 8; IGRP, islet-specific glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit-related protein; GRP78, glucose-regulated protein 78; IAPP, islet amyloid polypeptide; SCG5, secretogranin 5. (B) Schematic representation of a beta-cell showing the current view on sub-cellular origin of specific classes of neoepitopes, as well as the types of products produced.