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. 2021 Apr 19;12:581799. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.581799

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Copyright © 2021 Hartwig, Loebel, Steiner, Bauer, Karadeniz, Roeger, Skurk, Scheibenbogen and Sotzny

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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FOXO3 is activated by metformin in an AMPK dependent manner. (A) FOXO3 (pS413) expression in T cells, B cells, monocytes and NK cells (total, CD56dim and CD56bright) after 30 min stimulation analysed by flow cytometry. (B) Addition of the AMPK inhibitor Compound C (CC) [10 µM] abrogated the effect of 10 mM metformin. SI: The MFI (AF700) of FOXO3 (pS413) expression subtracted by background signal (GAR) is depicted in relation to the unstimulated control. Median with interquartile range is shown. Wilcoxon test is used for statistical analysis in relation to unstimulated control or between indicated groups. *P ≤ 0.05, **P ≤ 0.01.