Table 1.
Baseline characteristics for patients with ischaemic stroke and COVID-19 and historical controls with ischaemic stroke without COVID-19 before and after propensity score matchings
| % (N) | Initial population |
Propensity score-matched populations |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| stroke and no COVID-19 (n = 48,363) | stroke and COVID-19 (n = 954) | p value | stroke and no COVID-19 (n = 952) | stroke and COVID-19 (n = 952) | p value | |
| Age, years, mean (SD) | 68.6 (15.6) | 67.3 (15.4) | 0.008 | 67.7 (14.9) | 67.3 (15.4) | 0.49 |
| Femalea | 49.0 (23,708) | 43.0 (410) | 0.0002 | 42.0 (400) | 43.1 (410) | 0.64 |
| Raceb | ||||||
| White | 69.7 (33,717) | 48.8 (466) | <0.0001 | 48.7 (464) | 48.8 (466) | 0.93 |
| Black or African American | 17.1 (8,305) | 30.2 (288) | <0.0001 | 31.3 (298) | 30.2 (288) | 0.62 |
| Asian | 1.4 (675) | 2.1 (20) | 0.70 | 1.7 (16) | 2.1 (20) | 0.50 |
| Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander | 0.1 (41) | 1.1 (10) | <0.0001 | 0 (0) | 1.1 (10) | 0.002 |
| American Indian or Alaska Native | 0.5 (233) | 1.1 (10) | 0.01 | 1.1 (10) | 1.1 (10) | 1.00 |
| Unknown | 11.1 (5,392) | 17.7 (169) | <0.0001 | 17.2 (164) | 17.7 (169) | 0.86 |
| Hypertension | 58.2 (28,140) | 67.0 (639) | <0.0001 | 68.6 (653) | 67.0 (638) | 0.46 |
| Atrial fibrillation and flutter | 18.3 (8,827) | 24.1 (230) | <0.0001 | 22.7 (216) | 24.2 (230) | 0.45 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 44.0 (21,299) | 52.1 (497) | <0.0001 | 52.5 (500) | 52.2 (497) | 0.89 |
| Ischaemic heart disease | 29.4 (14,206) | 36.7 (350) | <0.0001 | 36.5 (347) | 36.7 (349) | 0.92 |
| Mental disorders associated with physiological conditions | 10.4 (5,029) | 17.6 (168) | <0.0001 | 17.3 (165) | 17.6 (168) | 0.86 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 12.8 (6,197) | 16.2 (155) | 0.002 | 18.2 (173) | 16.3 (155) | 0.27 |
| Liver disease | 8.6 (4,154) | 13.4 (128) | <0.0001 | 12.1 (115) | 13.4 (128) | 0.37 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 29.4 (14,221) | 42.2 (403) | <0.0001 | 44.0 (419) | 42.2 (403) | 0.46 |
| CKD | 18.8 (9,077) | 27.6 (263) | <0.0001 | 27.5 (262) | 27.6 (263) | 0.96 |
| Neoplasms | 25.6 (12,387) | 30.6 (292) | 0.0001 | 27.6 (263) | 30.7 (292) | 0.14 |
Baseline characteristics were compared using a χ2 test for categorical variables and an independent samples t test for continuous variables. COVID-19: coronavirus disease 2019; HCO, healthcare organization.
a
Sex unknown for 0.1% of patients.
b
Data are taken from structured fields in the electronic medical record systems of the participating HCOs; therefore, there may be regional or country-specific differences in how race categories are defined.