Immunogenic (ELISA) and functional (SBA) assessment of vaccines. Total anti-O:2, anti-O9, and anti-Vi ELISA IgG (top) and SBA titers (IC50) against S. Paratyphi A (O:2-positive), S. Enteritidis (O:9-positive), and C. freundii s.l. (Vi-positive) strains (bottom) are shown. Unpaired, nonparametric t test (Mann-Whitney) was used to determine the statistically significant differences between groups (ns, not significant; *, P < 0.033; **, P < 0.002).