FIG 4.

Growth of L. plantarum strain NC8 harboring pNZ278-fosE. (A) Average growth measurements (n = 3) plus the standard deviations as determined from the OD₆₀₀ (black bars) and final pH (gray bars) of overnight cultures of L. plantarum NC8 harboring NC8-pNZ278-fosE or pNZ8048 cultured on 1/2MRS-C supplemented with 0.5% inulin. Asterisks indicate significant differences between groups as detected with a standard two-sided unpaired Student t test with α = 0.05 (*, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001; ****, P < 0.0001). (B) HPAEC-PAD elution patterns of spent culture supernatants of NC8-pNZ278-Bfruc (blue) and NC8-pNZ8048 (orange) grown on 1/2MRS-C plus 0.5% inulin and 1/2MRS-C plus 0.5% inulin without inoculum (black) with indicated peaks for sucrose (GF), 1-kestose (GF2), and nystose (GF3).