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. 2021 May 3;2(5):100288. doi: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2021.100288

Figure 4.

Figure 4

CSF antibodies reflect localized CNS infection

(A) Mice were transduced with AAV-hACE2 intrathecally and intratracheally for expression in the brain and lungs, and SARS-CoV-2 was introduced intranasally to establish brain and lung infection. Mouse brains, lungs, CSF, and serum were collected on day 0 (before infection) and on days 3 and 7 after infection, and qPCR was performed to detect SARS-CoV-2 RNA.

(B) Schematic of the experimental procedure for (C). Mice were given localized AAV-hACE2 to overexpress human ACE2 in the lungs (top), brain and lungs (center), or brain only (bottom). After 2 weeks, mice were infected with SARS-CoV-2.

(C) ELISA against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein was performed with lung homogenates, serum, brain homogenates, and CSF. n = 5 for all three conditions. Two-tailed unpaired t test (∗p < 0.05, ∗∗p < 0.01, ∗∗∗p < 0.005, ∗∗∗∗p < 0.0001) and one-way ANOVA were performed (lungs, p < 0.0001; serum, p = 0.002; brain, p = 0.0082; CSF, p = 0.0016).