Table 1.
Distribution of selected characteristics by baseline cognitive status.
| Characteristics | Normal cognition n = 123 n(%) |
MCI or cognitive impairment a n = 51 n(%) |
p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean (SD) | 74.9 ± 6.8 | 77.5 ± 7.1 | 0.026 |
| Sex | 0.012 | ||
| Male | 32 (26.0) | 4 (7.8) | |
| Female | 91 (74.0) | 47 (92.2) | |
| Educational attainment | <0.001 | ||
| Never educated | 18 (14.6) | 23 (45.1) | |
| Educated | 105 (85.4) | 38 (54.9) | |
| Marital status | 0.411 | ||
| Married | 68 (55.3) | 24 (47.1) | |
| Single/Divorce/Widow | 55 (44.7) | 27 (52.9) | |
| Body mass index | 0.616 | ||
| < 25 | 84 (70.0) | 33 (64.7) | |
| ≥ 25 | 36 (30.0) | 18 (35.3) | |
| Smoking | 1.000 | ||
| Non-smoker | 111 (90.2) | 46 (90.2) | |
| Current/Ex-smoker | 12 (9.8) | 5 (9.8) | |
| Habitual alcohol consumption | 0.338 | ||
| No | 116 (94.3) | 46 (90.2) | |
| Yes | 7 (5.7) | 5 (9.8) | |
| History of hypertension or diabetes | 0.995 | ||
| No | 50 (40.7) | 20 (39.2) | |
| Yes | 73 (59.3) | 31 (60.8) | |
| Geriatric Depression Scale | 1.000 | ||
| Non depressed (<score 7) | 106 (87.6) | 44 (86.3) | |
| Depressed (≥ score 8) | 15 (12.4) | 7 (13.7) | |
| Time spend on physical activity (per week) | 0.547 | ||
| <150 min | 87 (70.7) | 33 (64.7) | |
| ≥150 min | 36 (29.3) | 18 (35.3) | |
| Working status | 0.963 | ||
| Part-time/Full-time | 5 (4.1) | 2 (3.9) | |
| Retired/Never employed | 118 (95.9) | 49 (96.1) | |
| Recruitment cites | 0.102 | ||
| Non-governmental organization | 17 (13.8) | 13 (25.4) | |
| Community centers | 106 (86.2) | 38 (74.5) |
a
MCI or cognitive impairment were defined as participants' Montreal Cognitive Assessment scored ≤7th.