. 2021 May 3;21:853. doi: 10.1186/s12889-021-10854-1

Table 2.

Medical ecology in terms of type of care (sources of health advice, hospital or post-hospital care) by survey year 2018 and 2020

	Survey 2020 (N = 1022)			Survey 2018 (N = 958)
	Estimate per 1000	Lower CI	Upper CI	Estimate per 1000	Lower CI	Upper CI	Statistic^a	p-value^a
Health problems
had 1 or more health problems	513	482	543	555	514	595	−1.62	0.106
one	326	304	347	371	340	400	−0.92	0.356
more than one	184	163	205	182	153	213	0.92	0.356
took medication	367	347	386	391	358	421	0.47	0.637
asked for medical advice	214	192	235	241	210	274	−0.48	0.629
Sources of health advice
general practitioner ^b	180	159	201	164	136	195	1.26	0.208
specialist physician	41	31	53	82	62	103	−3.02	0.003
pharmacy	38	28	50	18	7	36	2.12	0.035
internet	26	18	36	3	1	9	3.74	< 0.001
accident and emergency unit	25	17	36	13	6	24	2.13	0.034
outpatient clinic	17	10	26	22	12	35	−0.32	0.750
psychotherapist or psychologist	15	9	23
family/friends	14	8	22	6	2	14	1.68	0.094
physiotherapy	12	6	19	3	1	7	2.59	0.010
CAM practitioner	12	6	19	7	2	15	1.24	0.216
telephone medical advice center	11	6	18	8	2	19	0.73	0.464
drugstore	6	2	12	2	0	7	1.37	0.171
federal/cantonal COVID-19 hotline	6	2	12
dentist	5	2	11	6	2	16	−0.18	0.859
other	4	1	9	5	1	14	−0.05	0.957
no answer	1	0	5	0	0	2	0.65	0.514
Hospital or post-hospital care
had in-patient hospital care	19	12	29	15	9	24	0.89	0.373
Levels of care
in normal care unit	17	13	19	13	10	14	0.69	0.497
in intensive care unit	2	0	6	3	1	5	−0.69	0.497
had a surgical procedure	8	4	12	6	4	9	0.05	0.958
needed mechanic ventilation	0	0	0
Levels of hospital
were in university hospital	8	4	12	5	3	8	0.41	0.686
were in cantonal hospital	5	2	10	2	1	4	1.21	0.233
were in private hospital	4	1	8	2	0	4	0.97	0.338
were in regional hospital	2	0	6	7	4	10	−2.11	0.041
Post-hospital care
were in rehabilitation clinic	5	2	9	4	2	7	0.09	0.925
had ambulatory nursing care	2	0	6	3	1	6	−0.89	0.379

CAM = complementary and alternative medicine

^afrom univariable logistic regression with survey year (2020 vs 2018) as predictor

^b Including contacts with the GP due to COVID-19 questions