Table 1.
Descriptive Data
| Conduct problems | * Fighting and Bullying | *Rule-breaking | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Low risk | High risk | Missing | χ2 | No | Perhaps/Definitely | Missing | χ2 | No | Perhaps/Definitely | Missing | χ2 | |
| n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | ||||
| Total Sample (4353) | 3572 (82) | 710 (16) | 71 (2) | 2186 (62) | 1132 (32) | 217 (6) | 2036 (58) | 1240 (35) | 259 (7) | |||
| Gender | 6.13, p = 0.013 | 0·10, p = 0·752 | 8·34, p = 0·004 | |||||||||
| Boys | 1720 (80) | 378 (18) | 40 (2) | 1034 (60) | 542 (32) | 134 (8) | 925 (54) | 628 (37) | 157 (9) | |||
| Girls | 1852 (84) | 332 (15) | 31 (1) | 1152 (63) | 590 (33) | 83 (5) | 1111 (61) | 612 (34) | 102 (6) | |||
| Year group | 0.07, p = 0·968 | 3·04, p = 0·219 | 53·40, p < 0·001 | |||||||||
| 7 | 1308 (82) | 263 (17) | 22 (1) | 836 (63) | 398 (30) | 95 (7) | 842 (63) | 368 (28) | 119 (9) | |||
| 8 | 1163 (82) | 228 (16) | 30 (2) | 685 (60) | 372 (33) | 78 (7) | 642 (57) | 414 (36) | 79 (7) | |||
| 9 | 1101 (82) | 219 (16) | 19 (1) | 665 (62) | 362 (34) | 44 (4) | 552 (52) | 458 (43) | 61 (6) | |||
| Ethnicity | 60.80, p < 0·001 | 54·51, p < 0·001 | 59·63, p < 0·001 | |||||||||
| Black African | 907 (81) | 185 (17) | 21 (2) | 523 (56) | 335 (36) | 68 (7) | 515 (56) | 321 (35) | 90 (10) | |||
| Black Caribbean | 540 (75) | 159 (22) | 20 (3) | 292 (58) | 166 (33) | 45 (9) | 254 (51) | 202 (40) | 47 (9) | |||
| Indian, Pakistani, Bangladeshi | 165 (91) | 14 (8) | 2 (1) | 106 (69) | 39 (25) | 8 (5) | 115 (75) | 31 (20) | 7 (5) | |||
| Latin American | 180 (83) | 35 (16) | 2 (1) | 75 (50) | 68 (45) | 8 (5) | 69 (46) | 62 (41) | 20 (13) | |||
| Mixed white and black | 296 (78) | 81 (21) | 3 (1) | 191 (62) | 99 (32) | 18 (6) | 164 (53) | 125 (41) | 19 (6) | |||
| Other black | 101 (80) | 25 (20) | 1 (1) | 57 (53) | 44 (41) | 6 (6) | 56 (52) | 44 (41) | 7 (7) | |||
| Other mixed/multiple | 195 (82) | 39 (16) | 3 (1) | 129 (62) | 66 (32) | 14 (7) | 107 (51) | 90 (43) | 12 (6) | |||
| Other White | 345 (84) | 59 (14) | 5 (1) | 195 (64) | 92 (30) | 16 (5) | 178 (59) | 107 (35) | 18 (6) | |||
| Other/unknown | 245 (81) | 49 (16) | 9 (3) | 155 (63) | 71 (29) | 19 (8) | 149 (61) | 78 (32) | 18 (7) | |||
| White British | 598 (90) | 64 (10) | 5 (1) | 463 (73) | 152 (24) | 15 (2) | 429 (68) | 180 (29) | 21 (3) | |||
| Putative risk factors | ||||||||||||
| Receives free school meals | ||||||||||||
| yes | 762 (78) | 197 (20) | 17 (2) | 15.41, p < 0·001 | 391 (64) | 224 (36) | 42 (6) | 1·82, p = 0·177 | 354 (54) | 253 (39) | 50 (8) | 4·48, p = 0·034 |
| No | 2629 (84) | 470 (15) | 38 (1) | 1672 (66) | 844 (34) | 150 (6) | 1566 (59) | 921 (35) | 179 (7) | |||
| Experienced Racial Discrimination | ||||||||||||
| yes | 805 (74) | 272 (25) | 4 (0) | 86.45, p < 0·001 | 432 (49) | 422 (48) | 32 (4) | 127·75, p < 0·001 | 418 (47) | 422 (48) | 46 (5) | 81·82, p < 0·001 |
| No | 2484 (86) | 370 (13) | 31 (1) | 1651 (70) | 641 (27) | 58 (3) | 1532 (65) | 740 (31) | 78 (3) | |||
| *Troublesome friends | 211.62, p < 0·001 | 276·17, p < 0·001 | 282·18, p < 0·001 | |||||||||
| None | 956 (91) | 79 (8) | 14 (1) | 805 (77) | 204 (19) | 40 (4) | 796 (76) | 203 (19) | 50 (5) | |||
| A few | 1613 (84) | 285 (15) | 12 (1) | 1219 (64) | 648 (34) | 43 (2) | 1088 (57) | 757 (40) | 65 (3) | |||
| Many or all | 237 (60) | 151 (38) | 7 (2) | 122 (31) | 255 (64) | 18 (5) | 117 (30) | 250 (63) | 28 (7) | |||
| *Parental Control | ||||||||||||
| High | 1006 (80) | 240 (19) | 14 (1) | 26.01, p < 0·001 | 750 (60) | 466 (37) | 44 (3) | 22·69, p < 0·001 | 702 (56) | 495 (39) | 63 (5) | 14·90, p < 0·001 |
| Low | 1261 (87) | 174 (12) | 10 (1) | 1002 (69) | 420 (29) | 23 (2) | 933 (65) | 481 (33) | 31 (2) | |||
| *Parental Care | 52·10, p < 0·001 | 99·68, p < 0·001 | ||||||||||
| High | 1253 (89) | 144 (10) | 15 (1) | 57.41, p < 0·001 | 1002 (71) | 374 (26) | 36 (3) | 978 (69) | 385 (27) | 49 (3) | ||
| Low | 1016 (79) | 268 (21) | 10 (1) | 752 (58) | 511 (39) | 31 (2) | 660 (51) | 589 (46) | 45 (3) | |||
Complete cases reported, percentages and n unweighted
*Administered at 10 of 12 schools, total sample (n = 3535)