Fig. 6.

(A) General schematic representation of later stages of virus lifecycle- (i) partial uncoating of virus particles takes place in the cytosol/nucleus. Initiation of (ii) transcription (iii) translation and (iv) replication resulting in the (v) biosynthesis and assembly of new virions (vi) virus release through exocytosis and (vii) budding of progeny virus [[227], [228], [229]]. (B) Mode of antiviral action of sulfated polysaccharides (Lambda-carrageenan, Fucoidan, Ulvanobiuronicacid A3s) (viii) inhibition of endosomal membrane fusion and virus uncoating (ix) inhibition of RNA genome and (x) protein synthesis. (xi) inhibition and deactivation of enzymes responsible for replication by the interaction of polysaccharides (Table 1). (Section 5.3).