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. 2021 Apr 13;6:610432. doi: 10.3389/fsoc.2021.610432

Table 3.

Four immigration eras in the United States, classified by type of migration restriction and hemisphere.

Type of restriction Eastern hemisphere Western hemisphere
1. First Immigration Era: 1789-1984
Personal No No
Numerical No No
2. Second Immigration Era: 1875-1920
Personal Yes Yes
Numerical No No
3. Third Immigration Era: 1921-1964
Personal Yes Yes
Numerical Yes No
4. Fourth Immigration Era: 1965-
Personal Yes Yes
Numerical Yes Yes