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. 2021 May 3;19(4):421–439. doi: 10.1057/s41253-021-00148-8

Table 2.

Differences between Ballot box voters and Internet voters in the 2014 consular elections

Variables Overall Ballot box
voter turnout
Effective Ballot box
voter turnout
Overall Internet
voter turnout
Effective Internet
voter turnout
District-level Community size − 3.929*** − 3.731*** − 0.284 − 0.224
(0.579) (0.570) (0.257) (0.251)
Distance with Paris − 1.634** − 1.554** 0.177 0.168
(0.749) (0.737) (0.332) (0.324)
French-speaking − 2.600 − 2.503 − 0.399 − 0.341
(1.634) (1.608) (0.725) (0.708)
Number of lists 1.326*** 1.361*** − 0.0172 0.0461
(0.395) (0.388) (0.175) (0.171)
Country-level Population size − 0.227 − 0.181 0.254* 0.267*
(0.314) (0.309) (0.139) (0.136)
Internet use − 0.00781 − 0.00439 0.0605*** 0.0589***
(0.0267) (0.0263) (0.0119) (0.0116)
Democracy − 2.027 − 1.834 − 0.309 − 0.183
(2.092) (2.058) (0.929) (0.906)
Control Colonial past 7.282*** 7.390*** 0.318 0.388
(1.762) (1.734) (0.782) (0.764)
EU member − 2.134 − 1.982 2.192*** 2.054**
(1.812) (1.783) (0.804) (0.785)
Model summary Constant 60.87*** 56.93*** 2.034 0.914
(8.279) (8.148) (3.676) (3.588)
Observations 129 129 129 129
R-squared 0.575 0.561 0.465 0.467

Standard errors in parentheses. *** p < 0.01, ** p < 0.05, * p < 0.1