Table 1.
Characteristics of outpatients with COVID-19 by assigned risk tier in a retrospective cohort from a telemedicine monitoring program in Atlanta, Georgia, with enrollment between March 24 and May 26, 2020.
| Characteristic | All patients (N=496) | Tier 1a (n=237) | Tier 2a (n=185) | Tier 3a (n=74) | |||||
| Age (years), mean (95% CI) | 47.6 (46.3-48.9) | 41.5 (39.8-43.2) | 52.5 (50.6-54.4) | 54.9 (51.4-58.4) | |||||
| Days from first symptom to intake visit, mean (95% CI) | 9.3 (8.5-10.0) | 8.9 (8.2-9.7) | 10.0 (8.4-11.6) | 8.4 (6.9-9.8) | |||||
| Days from COVID-19 test to intake visit, mean (95% CI) | 3.7 (3.4-3.9) | 3.9 (3.4-4.4) | 3.5 (3.0-3.9) | 3.3 (2.7-4.0) | |||||
| Follow-up duration (days from intake), mean (95% CI) | 13.1 (12.2-13.9) | 9.5 (8.6-10.4) | 16.3 (14.8-17.7) | 16.7 (14.0-19.3) | |||||
| Age category (years), n (%) | |||||||||
|
|
18-29 | 78 (15.7) | 65 (27.4) | 10 (5.4) | 3 (4.1) | ||||
| 30-39 | 84 (16.9) | 49 (20.7) | 26 (14.1) | 9 (12.2) | |||||
| 40-49 | 106 (21.4) | 50 (21.1) | 39 (21.1) | 17 (23.0) | |||||
| 50-59 | 115 (23.2) | 48 (20.3) | 50 (27.0) | 17 (23.0) | |||||
| 60-69 | 84 (16.9) | 21 (8.9) | 45 (24.3) | 18 (24.3) | |||||
| ≥70 | 29 (5.8) | 4 (1.7) | 15 (8.1) | 10 (13.5) | |||||
| Race, n (%) | |||||||||
|
|
Black | 252 (50.8) | 109 (46.0) | 102 (55.1) | 41 (55.4) | ||||
| White | 97 (19.6) | 47 (19.8) | 36 (19.5) | 14 (18.9) | |||||
| Other | 147 (29.6) | 81 (34.2) | 47 (25.4) | 19 (25.7) | |||||
| Gender, n (%) | |||||||||
|
|
Female | 330 (66.5) | 156 (65.8) | 125 (67.6) | 49 (66.2) | ||||
| Male | 166 (33.5) | 81 (34.2) | 60 (32.4) | 25 (33.8) | |||||
| Comorbidities, n (%) | |||||||||
|
|
Asthma | 73 (14.7) | 18 (7.6) | 37 (20.0) | 18 (24.3) | ||||
| Cancer or malignancy | 37 (7.5) | 9 (3.8) | 21 (11.4) | 7 (9.5) | |||||
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 5 (1.0) | 0 (0) | 4 (2.2) | 1 (1.4) | |||||
| Coronary artery disease | 24 (4.8) | 1 (0.4) | 11 (5.9) | 12 (16.2) | |||||
| Diabetes | 69 (13.9) | 10 (4.2) | 35 (18.9) | 24 (32.4) | |||||
| Drug abuse or addiction | 4 (0.8) | 0 (0) | 4 (2.2) | 0 (0) | |||||
| Heart failure | 10 (2.0) | 2 (0.8) | 4 (2.2) | 4 (5.4) | |||||
| Hypertension | 175 (35.3) | 42 (17.7) | 91 (49.2) | 42 (56.8) | |||||
| Immune suppression | 30 (6.0) | 9 (3.8) | 11 (5.9) | 10 (13.5) | |||||
| Lung disease | 17 (3.4) | 3 (1.3) | 9 (4.9) | 5 (6.8) | |||||
| Reported obesityb | 147 (29.6) | 52 (21.9) | 63 (34.1) | 32 (43.2) | |||||
| Corrected obesityc | 212 (42.7) | 87 (36.7) | 85 (45.9) | 40 (54.1) | |||||
| Renal disease | 16 (3.2) | 3 (1.3) | 6 (3.2) | 7 (9.5) | |||||
| Number of diagnoses, n (%) | |||||||||
|
|
0 (healthy) | 174 (35.1) | 129 (54.4) | 35 (18.9) | 10 (13.5) | ||||
| 1 | 158 (31.9) | 81 (34.2) | 65 (35.1) | 12 (16.2) | |||||
| 2 | 91 (18.3) | 19 (8.0) | 48 (25.9) | 24 (32.4) | |||||
| ≥3 | 73 (14.7) | 8 (3.4) | 37 (20.0) | 28 (37.8) | |||||
| Ability to self-isolate safely, n (%) | |||||||||
|
|
Adequate | 409 (82.5) | 205 (86.5) | 156 (84.3) | 48 (64.9) | ||||
| Inadequate | 9 (1.8) | 1 (0.4) | 3 (1.6) | 5 (6.8) | |||||
| Unknown | 78 (15.7) | 31 (13.1) | 26 (14.1) | 21 (28.4) | |||||
| Severity of symptoms, n (%) | |||||||||
|
|
None or mild | 316 (63.7) | 204 (86.1) | 102 (55.1) | 10 (13.5) | ||||
| Moderate | 134 (27.0) | 18 (7.6) | 69 (37.3) | 47 (63.5) | |||||
| Severe | 9 (1.8) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 9 (12.2) | |||||
| Unknown | 37 (7.5) | 15 (6.3) | 14 (7.6) | 8 (10.8) | |||||
| Symptoms course, n (%) | |||||||||
|
|
Improving | 264 (53.2) | 156 (65.8) | 90 (48.6) | 18 (24.3) | ||||
| Stable | 155 (31.3) | 61 (25.7) | 65 (35.1) | 29 (39.2) | |||||
| Worsening | 31 (6.3) | 0 (0) | 14 (7.6) | 17 (23.0) | |||||
| Unknown | 46 (9.3) | 20 (8.4) | 16 (8.6) | 10 (13.5) | |||||
aRisk tiers: Tier 1 = low risk, Tier 2 = intermediate risk, and Tier 3 = high risk (Multimedia Appendix 2).
bBMI ≥30 recorded in Virtual Outpatient Monitoring Clinic (VOMC) intake note by provider; BMI is calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared.
cBMI ≥30 determined by height and weight data in electronic medical record or recorded in VOMC intake note; BMI is calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared.