Table 1.
Baseline characteristics by Fried frailty criteria of participants in the Canadian Frailty Observation and Interventions Trial
| Variable | Not Frail | Frail |
|---|---|---|
| N | 399 | 204 |
| Demographics | ||
| Agea | 66 (54–73) | 73 (65–82) |
| Sex (% women)b | 144 (36) | 103 (51) |
| Race (% White)b | 326 (82) | 163 (80) |
| Clinical measurementsa | ||
| Systolic BP, mm Hg | 136 (124–149) | 138 (123–153) |
| Diastolic BP, mm Hg | 75 (67–83) | 70 (63–80) |
| Weight, kg | 86 (72–101) | 81 (70–92) |
| Creatinine, mg/dl | 3.05 (2.25–4.01) | 3.06 (2.26–3.96) |
| eGFR, ml/min per 1.73 m2 | 19 (13–25) | 18 (13–24) |
| Hemoglobin, g/dl | 11.6 (10.7–12.7) | 11.1 (10.1–12.2) |
| Serum albumin, g/dl | 3.6 (3.3–3.9) | 3.5 (3.2–3.8) |
| Serum phosphate, mg/dl | 4.1 (3.5–4.7) | 4.3 (3.7–4.9) |
| Urine ACR, mg/gc | 51 (7–173) | 71 (9–237) |
| HbA1c, %c | 6.2 (5.6–7.5) | 6.3 (5.7–7.6) |
| Comorbiditiesb | ||
| Previous MI (%) | 80 (20) | 43 (22) |
| Diabetes, type 1 or 2 (%) | 209 (52) | 135 (66) |
| Peripheral vascular disease (%) | 31 (8) | 44 (22) |
| Gastrointestinal disease (%) | 71 (18) | 47 (24) |
| Malignancy (%) | 81 (20) | 41 (20) |
| COPD (%) | 22 (6) | 24 (12) |
| Hypertension (%) | 336 (84) | 187 (92) |
| Arthritis (%) | 138 (35) | 108 (53) |
| Congestive heart failure (%) | 32 (8) | 35 (17) |
| Depression (%) | 59 (15) | 42 (21) |
| Visual/hearing impairment (%) | 196 (49) | 138 (68) |
| Neurologic disease (%) | 36 (9) | 53 (26) |
| Comorbidity indexa | 3 (2–4) | 4 (3–5) |
| CKD stage at enrollmentb (% stage 5) | ||
| CKD stage | 115 (28.8) | 63 (30.9) |
| Median kidney failure risk,c % | ||
| 5-yr risk | 21 | 21 |
ACR, albumin-to-creatinine ratio; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; MI, myocardial infarction; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
a
Continuous variables are reported as medians and interquartile ranges. Mann–Whitney U test was used to compare continuous variables.
b
Categorical variables are reported as percentages and compared using chi-squared tests.
c
Variables are reported in complete cases (urine ACR missing =27%, HbA1c missing =35%).