Inactivation of the Pta-AckA pathway alters carbon flux at the pyruvate and acetyl-CoA nodes and affects the energy status of B. anthracis. (A) Intracellular acetyl-CoA (Ac-CoA) concentrations determined for strains V770-NP1-R, V770-ackA, and V770-pta after 3 h of aerobic growth in TSB containing 0.25% glucose. wt, wild-type. (B) Intracellular pyruvate concentrations determined for strains V770-NP1-R, V770-ackA, and V770-pta after 3 h of aerobic growth in TSB containing 0.25% glucose. (C) Concentrations of pyruvate in the culture medium determined for strains V770-NP1-R, V770-ackA, and V770-pta after 3 h of aerobic growth in TSB containing 0.25% glucose. (D) Intracellular ATP concentrations determined for strains V770-NP1-R, V770-ackA, and V770-pta after 3 h of aerobic growth in TSB containing 0.25% glucose. (E) Intracellular NAD+ and NADH concentrations determined for strains V770-NP1-R, V770-ackA, and V770-pta after 3 h of aerobic growth in TSB containing 0.25% glucose. The results are presented as the means plus standard errors of the means of duplicate determinations for at least three independent experiments. Statistical significance between the wild-type strain and the pta and ackA mutants was determined by using Student's t test. *, P <0.01.