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Model of CpnT secretion in mycobacterium-infected macrophages. Bacteria are phagocytosed by the macrophage and trapped in a phagosome to be eventually neutralized. Mycobacteria utilize the ESX-1 secretion system to escape from this phagosome to the cytosol. Once bacteria reach the cytosol, the ESX-4 system could sense the cytosolic environment and then activate the production of virulent factors. CpnT is then secreted by the ESX-5 secretion system to kill the macrophage.
