FIG 1.

Divergence in the DNA damage response in a model yeast and a major yeast pathogen. (Left) In the model yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the presence of DNA-damaging agents, like methyl methanesulfonate, activates the DNA damage response to help ensure genome integrity. A key step in the DNA damage response is phosphorylation-based activation of Rad53p, which activates multiple downstream processes, including upregulated expression of DNA repair genes, thereby providing the cell with an opportunity to repair DNA damage. (Right) In contrast, the noncanonical DNA damage response in the major yeast pathogen Candida glabrata is marked by reduced Rad53p phosphorylation and is associated with divergent expression of DNA repair genes, which may be responsible for higher rates of mitotic failure and cell death. ER, endoplasmic reticulum.