Comparison 2. Combined immune checkpoint inhibitors vs chemotherapy.

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size
2.1 Overall Survival by PD‐L1 expression	2		Hazard Ratio (IV, Random, 95% CI)	Subtotals only
2.1.1 PD‐L1 <1%	2	532	Hazard Ratio (IV, Random, 95% CI)	0.67 [0.55, 0.81]
2.1.2 PD‐L1 ≥1%	2	1378	Hazard Ratio (IV, Random, 95% CI)	0.89 [0.70, 1.13]
2.1.3 PD‐L1≥50%	2	612	Hazard Ratio (IV, Random, 95% CI)	0.72 [0.59, 0.89]
2.2 Overall Survival by Tumor Mutational Burden	2	1202	Hazard Ratio (IV, Random, 95% CI)	0.75 [0.54, 1.05]
2.2.1 Tumor Mutational Burden low	2	769	Hazard Ratio (IV, Random, 95% CI)	0.93 [0.61, 1.43]
2.2.2 Tumor Mutational Burden high	2	433	Hazard Ratio (IV, Random, 95% CI)	0.60 [0.44, 0.82]
2.3 Progression Free Survival by Tumor Mutational Burden	2	1202	Hazard Ratio (IV, Random, 95% CI)	0.86 [0.53, 1.40]
2.3.1 Tumor Mutational Burden low	2	769	Hazard Ratio (IV, Random, 95% CI)	1.29 [0.90, 1.85]
2.3.2 Tumor Mutational Burden high	2	433	Hazard Ratio (IV, Random, 95% CI)	0.56 [0.43, 0.73]
2.4 Overall Response Rate by Tumor Mutational Burden	2	822	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.25 [0.53, 2.96]
2.4.1 Tumor Mutational Burden low	1	389	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.53 [0.37, 0.77]
2.4.2 Tumor Mutational Burden high	2	433	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.83 [1.40, 2.39]
2.5 Adverse Events grade 3‐5	2	3738	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.84 [0.62, 1.15]
2.5.1 Adverse events grade 3‐4	2	1869	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.78 [0.55, 1.09]
2.5.2 Adverse events grade 5 (toxic deaths)	2	1869	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.51 [0.65, 3.48]