Parvaresh 2019.

Study characteristics
Methods	Parallel‐arm randomised clinical trial
Participants	70 participants based in Iran aged between 25 and 60 with a 25 ≤ BMI ≤ 40 kg/m2 Inclusion and exclusion criteria: the patients were eligible to enter the study if they were aged 25–60 and overweight (25 ≤ BMI ≤ 40 kg/m2). Individuals with weight changes ≥5% for 3 months preceding the study, history of liver cardiovascular, renal, and metabolic disease, smoking or taking any medication or following a special diet in the last 6 months, which is known to impact on body weight, serum lipids, or glucose metabolism, breast feeding, post‐menopausal and pregnant women were excluded.
Interventions	2‐arm trial Intervention (n = 35): ADF (alternate day fasting) Comparator (n = 34): continuous energy restriction
Outcomes	Body weight, BMI, Waist circumference, lipid profile, blood pressure, glucose
Notes	Funding: this research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not‐for‐profit sectors. Type of paper: full‐text publication
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Low risk	Quote: "Randomization was performed by using by computer‐generated random numbers and was concealed from the researchers as well as participants."
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Low risk	Quote: "Randomization was performed by using by computer‐generated random numbers and was concealed from the researchers as well as participants."
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	High risk	Since this trial was a dietary intervention study, it was not feasible for participants or all study personnel to be blinded to the group assignment
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	High risk	The compliance to the prescribed diet was recorded using self‐reporting, which might have resulted in misstatements.
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Low risk	1 dropout out of 35 participants (2.9%) in CER group and no dropout in ADF group.
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Unclear risk	All outcomes pre‐specified in the Methods section were reported in the Results section.
Other bias	Low risk	Nothing to note.