Table 2.
Baseline (timepoint 1) characteristics by fourths of the baseline COV50 distribution in the derivation cohort.
| Characteristic | Low | Medium-low | Medium-high | High | p value for trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| COV50 limits | -1.23 | [-1.23, -0.20[ | [-0.20, 0.90[ | ≥0.90 | |
| Number in group | 57 | 57 | 57 | 57 | |
| Main study variables | |||||
| Number (%) in WHO class | |||||
| 1-3 | 50 (87.7) | 20 (35.1) | 19 (33.3) | 1 (1.8) | <0.0001 |
| 4-5 | 7 (12.3) | 35 (61.4) | 37 (64.9) | 28 (49.1) | |
| 6-8 | 0 | 2 (3.5) | 1 (1.8) | 28 (49.9) | |
| Mean (SD) of COV50 level | -2.13 (0.50) | -0.77 (0.30) | 0.29 (0.28) | 1.85 (0.59) | <0.0001 |
| Number with characteristic (%) | |||||
| Women | 28 (49.1) | 27 (47.4) | 25 (43.9) | 14 (24.6) | 0.0087 |
| Non-smoker | 32 (56.1) | 22 (38.6) | 22 (38.6) | 33 (57.9) | 0.36 |
| Hypertension | 23 (40.4) | 35 (61.4) | 42 (73.7) | 37 (64.9) | 0.0034 |
| Heart failure | 1 (1.8) | 7 (12.5) | 14 (25.5) | 8 (14.5) | 0.016 |
| Body mass index ≥30 kg/m2 | 14 (24.6) | 18 (31.6) | 16 (28.1) | 20 (35.1) | 0.30 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 6 (10.5) | 9 (15.8) | 20 (35.1) | 30 (52.6) | <0.0001 |
| Cancer | 2 (3.5) | 6 (10.5) | 2 (3.5) | 3 (5.3) | 0.62 |
| Use of RAS blockers, | 16 (28.1) | 30 (52.6) | 39 (68.4) | 34 (59.4) | 0.0024 |
| Mean (SD)of characteristic | |||||
| Age | 49.5 (16.8) | 63.9 (17.2) | 71.0 (13.8) | 67.8 (12.1) | <0.0001 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 128.9 (23.9) | 130.1 (23.1) | 134.8 (21.6) | 126.3 (24.5) | 0.83 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 79.8 (13.0) | 77.9 (13.0) | 77.1 (11.8) | 70.6 (20.0) | 0.0014 |
| Heart rate, beats per minute | 81.6 (12.1) | 81.3 (13.5) | 81.6 (14.1) | 89.0 (18.5) | 0.011 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 27.2 (5.2) | 28.2 (6.3) | 28.2 (5.3) | 29.0 (7.0) | 0.12 |
| Glomerular filtration rate, ml/min/1.73 m2 | 86.3 (23.1) | 81.8 (26.7) | 74.7 (31.9) | 69.6 (35.3) | 0.0083 |
RAS blockers indicate blocker of the renin-angiotensin system, including angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin-receptor blockers.
The glomerular filtration rate was derived from serum creatinine, using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration.