6. Patient‐reported outcome measures.
| Study | Study type | Outcome | Result | Notes |
| Health Related Quality of Life | ||||
| Barley | RCT | SF12 PCS | Int 32.4 (SD 10.7) Con 33.3 (SD 9.2) Absol diff 0.7, Rel % diff 2% |
ns SES = 0.07 |
| Barley | RCT | SF12 MCS | Int 34.5 (SD 11.6 ) Con 33.6 (SD 12.5 ) Absol diff 0.9, Rel % diff 3% |
ns SES = 0.08 |
| Barley | RCT | HRQoL (WEMWBS) | Int 40.6 (SD 11.2) Con 39.6(SD 12.3) Absol diff 1, Rel % diff 2.5% |
ns SES = 0.08 |
| Coventry | RCT | HRQoL (WHOQOL) | Int 2.99 (SD 0.6) Con 2.91 (SD 0.6) Absol diff 0.08, Rel % diff 3% |
* SES = 0.13 |
| Garvey | RCT | HRQoL (EQ5D VAS) | Int 65.7 (SD 20.2) Con 50.5 (SD 16.3) Absol diff 15.2, Rel % diff 30% |
* SES = 0.84 |
| Hogg | RCT | SF 36 Mental Health | Int 52.4 Con 52.2 Absol diff 0.2, Rel % diff 0.3% |
ns |
| Hogg | RCT | SF 36 Physical Health | Int 44.3 Con 41.5 Absol diff 2.8, Rel % diff 6.7% |
ns |
| Katon | RCT | QoL score | Int 6.0 (SD 2.2) Con 5.2 (SD 1.9) Absol diff 0.8, Rel % diff 15% |
* SES = 0.44 |
| Kennedy | RCT | HRQoL (EQ5D) | Int 0.56 (SD 0.34) Con 0.57 (SD 0.32) Absol diff 0.01, Rel % diff 1% |
ns SES = 0.03 |
| Lorig | RCT | Psychological well‐being | Int 3.47 Con 3.33 Absol diff 0.04, Rel % diff 4% |
ns SES = 0.21 |
| Martin | RCT | HRQol (AQOL) | Int 26.3 (SD 4.76) Con 28.4 (SD 4.97) Absol diff 2.1, Rel % diff 7 % |
* SES = 0.4 |
| Sommers | RCT | SF36 score | Int 2.2 Con 3.3 Absol diff 1.1, Rel % diff 33% |
ns |
| Self‐efficacy | ||||
| Barley | RCT | Self‐efficacy score | Int 28.6 (SD 6.7) Con 27.9 (SD 8.1) Absol diff 0.11, Rel % diff 2.5% |
ns SES = 0.09 |
| Coventry | RCT | Self‐efficacy score | Int 5.72 (SD 1.9) Con 5.53 (SD 1.9) Absol diff 0.18, Rel % diff 3.2% |
ns * SES = 0.09 |
| Garvey | RCT | Self efficacy score | Int 6.8 (SD 1.5) Con 5.3 (SD 1.9) Absol diff 1.47, Rel % diff 28% |
* SES = 0.86 |
| Hochhalter | RCT | Self‐efficacy | Int 7.4 Con 8.0 Absol diff 0.6, Rel % diff 7.5% |
ns |
| Kennedy | RCT | Self‐efficacy | Int 68 (SD 23.4) Con 68.7 (SD 23.1) Absol diff 0.7, Rel % diff 1% |
ns SES = 0.03 |
| Wakefield | RCT | Self‐efficacy | Int 8.1 (SD 1.9) Con 8.3 (SD 1.9) Absol diff 0.2, Rel % diff 2.4% |
ns SES = 0.11 |
| Daily function and disability | ||||
| Coventry | RCT | Sheehan Disability Score | Int 5.73 (SD 2.8) Con 5.83 (SD 2.8) Absol diff 0.1, Rel % diff 2% |
* SES = 0.04 |
| Garvey | RCT | Frenchay Activities Index | Int 21.3 (SD 7.9) Con 18.9 (SD 7.2) Absol diff 2.4, Rel % diff 13% |
* SES = 0.32 |
| Garvey | RCT | Activities daily living: NEADL (total) | Int 47.2 (SD 11.9) Con 40.7 (SD 10.7) Absol diff 6.5, Rel % diff 16% |
* SES = 0.58 |
| Hogg | RCT | IADL | Int 10.6 Con 10.9 Absol diff 0.3, Rel % diff 2.7% |
ns |
| Lorig | RCT | Disability | Int 0.86 Con 0.96 Absol diff 0.1, Rel % diff 10% |
ns |
| Lorig | RCT | Social role/activity limitation | Int 1.91, Con 1.98 Absol diff 0.07, Rel % diff 4% |
ns |
| Illness perceptions | ||||
| Coventry | RCT | Multimorbidity illness perception scale | Int 2.1 (SD 0.9) Con 2.28 (SD 0.9) Absol diff 0.18, Rel % diff 8% |
ns SES = 0.2 |
| Barley | RCT | Illness perceptions (BIPQ) | Int 40 (SD 14.8) Con 43(SD 31.1) Absol diff 3, Rel % diff 7% |
ns SES = 0.22 |
| Social support | ||||
| Coventry | RCT | Social support (ESSI) | Int 3.29 (SD 1.1) Con 3.4 (SD 1.0) Absol diff 0.11, Rel % diff 3% |
ns SES = 0.11 |
| Eakin | RCT | Multilevel support for healthy lifestyle | Int 2.7 Con 2.59 Absol diff 0.11, Rel % diff 4% |
ns |
| Other PROMs | ||||
| Barley | RCT | Patient‐reported needs (PSYCHLOPS) | Int 13.6 (SD 5.1) Con 13.4 (SD 5.4) Absol diff 0.2, Rel % diff 1.5% |
ns SES = 0.04 |
| Hochhalter | RCT | Total unhealthy days | Int 15.3 Con 14.1 Absol diff 1.2, Rel % diff 9% |
ns |
| Hogg | RCT | Total unhealthy days | Int 7.6 Con 9.9 Absol diff 2.3, Rel % diff 23% |
ns |
| Kennedy | RCT | Shared decision making (HCCQ) | Int 67.7 (SD 28) Con 69.3 (SD 26.1) Absol diff 1.6, Rel % diff 2% |
ns SES = 0.06 |
| Lorig | RCT | Self‐rated health | Int 3.42 Con 3.44 Absol diff 0.02, Rel % diff 0.6% |
ns |
| Lorig | RCT | Health distress | Int 1.97 Con: 2.13 Absol diff 0.16, Rel % diff 7.5% |
ns SES = 0.16 |
| Sommers | RCT | Social activities count | Int 8.7 Con:8.6 Absol diff 0.1, Rel % diff 1% |
* (when adjusted for baseline diff) |
| Sommers | RCT | HAQ score | Int 0.44 Con 0.5 Absol diff 0.06, Rel % diff 12% |
ns |
* refers to whether original study reported statistically significant improvement in this outcome