Bogner 2008.
Study characteristics | ||
Methods | Randomised controlled trial USA |
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Participants | 64 participants aged 50 years and older with hypertension and depression (defined as a diagnosis of depression or prescription of antidepressant within the past year) Integrated care manager and 12 family physicians in primary care clinic |
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Interventions | Integration of depression and hypertension treatment coordinated by integrated care manager; individualised program comprising three 30 minute in‐person sessions with participants and two 15 minute follow‐up phone calls | |
Outcomes |
Primary and secondary (no distinction specified): Depression scores (Centre for Epidemiological Studies depression scale (CES‐D)) Blood pressure Medication (% adherent to antidepressant medication; % adherent to antihypertensive medication (adherence measured using electronic measuring devices (MEMS caps)) |
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Notes | Intervention lasted 6 weeks and follow‐up 2 weeks later Comparison: usual care |
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Risk of bias | ||
Bias | Authors' judgement | Support for judgement |
Random sequence generation (selection bias) | Unclear risk | Paper states "patients were randomly assigned" |
Allocation concealment (selection bias) | Unclear risk | Not stated in text |
Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) All outcomes | Unclear risk | Automated measurement devices were used but authors don't specifically state that outcome assessors were blinded |
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes | Low risk | 100% follow‐up reported |
Selective reporting (reporting bias) | Low risk | None apparent |
Other bias | Low risk | None apparent |
Protection against contamination | Low risk | 25% control consultations monitored to check for contamination |
Reliable primary outcomes | Low risk | Validated measures and automated tests |
Baseline measurement | Low risk | Groups comparable at baseline |